The Stuty On The Improvement Effect Of Saline-alkali Soil In Luyang Lake,Weinan

Land is the necessary production data for human reproduction and development,which is an important foundation for agricultural production and development.However,under the influence of natural and human factors,the soil salinization problem frequently occurs,which is harmful to the growth and development of crops,and has a great impact on agricultural production.Saline soil has a very wide range of distribution,according to the data of the United Nations educational,scientific and cultural organization and the food and agriculture organization showed that global saline-alkali land area of about 950 million hm²,saline soil in China covers an area of 3.47?9?10⁷ hm².The reasonable exploitation and utilization of saline soil can solve the shortage of land resources and alleviate the problem of food crisis.The improvement of saline soil in Luyang Lake,except the drainage channel built by government in 1974,there is no other improvement measures in-depth research.Field trials have been carried out on saline-alkali land around the Luyang Lake in our study.Our study have nine experimental treatments,control?CK?,corrugation labeling?A1?,flat labeling?A2?,straw?A3?,biological organic fertilizer?B1?,sheep dung?B2?,humic acid?C1?,plaster?C2?,calcium superphosphate?C3?,respectively.The test crops were winter wheat and summer maize.The improvement effect and production effect of different improvement measures have been studied;the change of soil pH,salt,salt ions,soil nutrient of different measures have been analysed.The research results of corn,wheat production and the change of the nutrient absorption can provide theoretical foundation for farmland of Luyang Lake to select the appropriate soil improvement measures and the improvement of saline soil.The main conclusions are as follows:?1?Different improvement measures can reduce the total amount of soil salinity and achieve the aim of improving saline-alkali soil.The total salt content of 0 to 20cm in the maize field was significantly reduced by the sulcus membrane?A1?and sheep dung?B2?,and the desalination rate reached 20.4%and 20.2%respectively.The total salt content of soil in Wheat field also decreased,but had not significant difference.Compared with the control,the soil Na⁺decreased significantly of 0 to 20cm in the maize field,with a decrease of1.88%³4.99%.Under the effect of Gypsum?C2?treatment,the content of Ca²⁺and SO₄^2-in soil increased significantly.And each treatment could reduce the content of K⁺,Mg²⁺,Cl^-and HCO₃^-of soil of corn and wheat to a certain extent.?2?Different improvement measures can reduce soil pH.Gypsic?C2?treatment has a significant effect on soil pH of maize and wheat fields.Soil pH of 0-20 cm decreased by3.44%,4.43%,and soil pH of 20-40 cm decreased by 1.99%and 4.05%respectively.The soil pH of the maize field was significantly reduced by the treatment of corrugation?A1?and sheep manure?B2?,the soil pH of 0-20 cm decreased by 2.18%,2.45%,and the soil pH of20-40 cm decreased by 1.91%and 1.09%respectively.?3?Different improvement measures can improve soil nutrient to a certain extent.Compared with the control,the content of soil organic matter in the 0-20 cm layer and 20-40cm layer of the maize field was increased by 20.9%and 13.8%,respectively,and s increased by 55.58%and 8.53%of Wheat field,respectively.Both superphosphate?C3?and sheep manure?B2?can improve the content of soil rapid available phosphorus,and have a significant effect on the soil of 0-20 cm.under the effect of Gypsum?C2?,biological organic fertilizer?B1?and sheep dung?B2?,and the content of soil rapid available phosphorus of 0²0 cm in maize field increased by 57.84%,69.17%and 57.24%,respectively.?4?Different improvement measures can improve the yield of corn,wheat.Compared with the control,sheep dung?B2?,humic acid?C1?and calcium superphosphate?C3?treatment significantly increased maize yield,increase rate of 15.2%,16.3%and 14.6%,respectively.In addition to the ground effect?A2?,other measures can significantly increase hundred grain weights,which were higher than control.sheep manure?B2?significantly increase the wheat yield of 22.6%,and hundred grain weights of wheat.Different improvement measures can improve maize,wheat grain and N,P,K uptake of straw.By analyzing the situation of saline-alkali land and improvement effect of different improvement measures,we suggest that alkali-saline land ditch?A1?,sheep dung?B2?measures should been used in farmland of luyang lake,which can play a good improvement effect and promote the yield of crops.