The Calcium Accumulation Rule Of The Grape And The Effect Of Ca To The Fruit Quality And Dehiscent Of Grape

To explore the absorption variety rule and distribution characteristics of Hunan's main grape,the aquanity of calcium in soil and different organs among Beauty Means?Wink and Xiang Feil which collected from the experimental base of Hunan Agricultural University was detected and the accumulation characteristics of calcium element in different grape organs of different plants periods;meanwhile,to analyze the impact of calcium element on physiological characteristics and peel structure of grape,and the prevention and control of physiological,the accumulation characteristics of calcium content in new shoots,leaves and fruits after different treatments of calcium was analyzed,here are the results:?1?The dynamic law of calcium accumulation in different organs of three grape cultivars at different stages was analyzed,the results showed that:1)the capability of the accumulation of calcium content in different periods of soil and the grape vegetative organs of Wink grape is characterized by:leaves less>two year branches>cane?new root greater>fruit.Thorn Grapes and beauty finger grape are characterized by:root>leaf>two year branches>cane more>fruit;2)The main demand stage for calcium is both different in grape organs and different growth period,such as the main demand stage for calcium of root and new shoot in Wink grape and the new shoot of Thorn grape's is in the flowering period and fruit expands period,biennial branch in the flowering period unit coloring period,fruit in expands period and coloring period,while blade at anthesis to coloring period;3)The accumulation of dynamic changes rules of calcium is different both in grape organs and growth periods,such as that the performance for the soil and root calcium content together with grape is inversely with retrograded phonological period in Wink grape;in the late two years branch,the calcium content of cane,leaf and fruit with the grape growing back in the late,but two years branch,thecane and blade in the mature period began to reduce,fruit stable increase.?2?The influence of calcium on grape physiological characteristics are analyzed.In the stage of fruit enlargement,use fruit dipping way after calcium treatment,It can enhance the Ca content on the beauty refers and Wink grape fruit to.At the same time,it also can effectively increase the single grain weight,the transverse and longitudinal diameter of fruit,advance berry firmness,soluble solid content,and lower titratable acid content,increase the solid acid ratio,The Beauty finger grape and Wink grape of The Flowers cyanide content in fruit as the fruit matures gradually increased.Therefore,the appropriate concentration of exogenous calcium could promote the grape coloring,but the high concentration is not positive with the cyanide content,as the concentration is too high will destroy the peel structure,weakening the ability of cyanide content accumulation flowers,thus affecting the fruit coloring.?3?Analyzed the influence of calcium for the prevention and treatment of dehiscent fruit and grape skin structure.Experiment results show:the Xiang Fei grape and Wink grape use water treatment such as XBCK leaf's dehiscent fruit rate and the highest degree of dehiscent fruit,the Xiang Fei grape and Wink grape can the processing of dehiscent fruit rate and degree of dehiscent fruit decreases with the increase of the concentration of calcium,but the concentration of more than 5 g/L Ca?NO₃?₂ on the processing of dehiscent fruit mitigation effect weakened condition.Grape fruit dehiscent fruit because of the decrease of the soluble pectin and the increase of prote pectin,It can so by calcium regulate will greatly reduce the incidence of grape dehiscent fruit;after calcium treatment,It can effectively increase the grapes outer skin and endocarp cells of layer,thereby increasing the thickness of the skin,improve the skin's resilience,further reduce dehiscent fruit rateand dehiscent fruit.In summary,grapes need calcium periods during fruit enlargement period and coloring period,fruit second enlargement period after 5g/L Ca?NO₃?₂ treatment,not only can improve the varieties of beauty,Xiang Fei,yield,fruit quality temperature can also be increased in the pericarp of flowers,cyanide,reducing soluble pectin of the three varieties.Increase the original pectin content and pericarp and endocarp thickness,improve fruit toughness,increase crack resistance.Therefore,the production and application for easy cracking and uneven coloring varieties can suggest calcium in fruit enlargement period using second 5g/L calcium nitrate.