Effects Of Lycium Barbarum L. And Legume Forages Intercropping On Water-Saving And Yield-Increasing In The Yellow River Irrigated Region

Intercropping system is a high-efficient planting pattern,which can increase yield and soil fertility.However,the shortage of water resources has become the key factor affecting the intercropping pattern and the sustainable development of ecological environment in the yellow river irrigated region.Research and development of intercropping technology for efficient utilization of water resources has become an urgent problem in the region.Therefore,the experiment designed two factors:planting patterns and irrigation quantity.Three kinds of planting patterns:wolfberry and alfalfa intercropping?LA?,wolfberry and sainfoin intercropping?LS?,wolfberry clean tillage?CK?.Three kinds of irrigation quantities:W1?Lower limit in the range 65%to 75%of field capacity?,W2?Lower limit in the range 55%to 65%of field capacity?,W3?Lower limit in the range 45%to 55%of field capacity?.The soil moisture,soil temperature,Water consumption,growth characteristics,soil nutrients,yield and water use efficiency between different intercropping patterns were analyzed,in order to construct intercropping system helpful in improving the efficient utilization of water and soil resources in Yellow River Irrigated Region of Gansu.The main results showed as follows:1.Compared with CK,the soil water content of LA and LS are lower under same irrigation conditions.The soil moisture content specific performance:CK>LA>LS at full-bloom period.The soil moisture content in 0³0cm soil layer changed sharply at full-bloom and full-fruit period.The intercropping may advantage to soil water storage.Moderate water supply in intercropping system,inhibition of soil evaporation and water retention,the soil water storage of LAW2 and LSW2 were highest.The intercropping may advantage to water consumption,the effect of irrigation amount on the water consumption during the growth period is significant?P>0.05?,soil water consumption decreases with the decrease of irrigation water.The intercropping pattern has no significant influence on the water consumption during the growth period?P<0.05?.2.The intercropping reduced the soil temperature at heat stress in 5cm²5cm profile under same irrigation conditions.Especially,the soil temperature decreased at the full-bloom stage.Compared with CK,the soil temperature of LA and LS intercropping patterns increased decreased by 2.11??1.69?.The soil temperature decreases with the increase of the amount of irrigation in the same planting patterns,W3 is the highest,W2 is the second,W1 is the lowest.Soil temperature difference between different soil layers is significant?P<0.05?,with the increase of soil depth,the soil temperature range of all treatments decreased.The soil temperature of5cm¹5cm soil layer is larger than that of 15cm²5cm soil under different intercropping patterns.The wolfberry and alfalfa intercropping decreased the soil temperature.3.The intercropping increased soil organic matter,soil alkali hydrolysable nitrogen,soil available phosphorus,soil available potassium and soil PH in 0-20cm and 20-40cm soil layer.The20-40cm soil layer is significantly higher than the 20-40cm soil layer.The soil organic matter,soil alkali hydrolysable nitrogen,soil available phosphorus,soil available potassium and soil PH of wolfberry and alfalfa intercropping increased by26.05%,36.88%,21.29%,16.23%,0.33%under same irrigation conditions.The soil organic matter,soil alkali hydrolysable nitrogen,soil available phosphorus,soil available potassium and soil PH of wolfberry and sainfoin intercropping increased by25.24%,23.78%,19.04%,12.11%,0.41%.Compared with W3,the soil organic matter,soil alkali hydrolysable nitrogen,soil available phosphorus,soil available potassium and soil PH of W1 and W2 was highest?P>0.05?.LAW2 is more conducive to improving soil nutrient status and improving the absorption and utilization of soil nutrients4.The new shoot growth,diameter and leaf area of wolfberry were significantly different under different treatments?P<0.05?.Compared with CK,the new shoot growth of LA and LS intercropping patterns increased by 18.51%,14.75%,the new shoot diameter of LA and LS intercropping patterns increased by 12.47%,9.71%,the leaf area of LA and LS intercropping patterns increased by 21.05%?12.93%under same irrigation conditions.Compared with W2,the soil organic matter,soil alkali hydrolysable nitrogen,soil available phosphorus,soil available potassium and soil PH of W1 and W2 was lower?P<0.05?.LAW2?LSW2 increased new shoot growth,diameter and leaf area,promoting the growth and accumulation.5.There was a significant negative correlation between soil temperature,soil organic matter,new shoot growth,leaf area and yield.There was a significant positive correlation between soil organic matter,new shoot growth,leaf area and yield.Compared with CK,the wolfberry yield of LA and LS intercropping patterns increased by12.03%?9.88%.The wolfberry yield of LAW2 is the highest,the value is 2348.43kg·hm^-2.There was a significant negative correlation between water use efficiency,water consumption and soil temperature,here was a significant positive correlation between water use efficiency and soil moisture content.Compared with CK,water use efficiency of LA and LS intercropping patterns increased by14.28%?11.09%.,water use efficiency of LAW2is the highest,the value is 3.16kg·mm^-1·hm^-2.Therefore,LAW2 improved the symbiotic period of vegetation coverage,yield and water use efficiency,which was intercropping system helpful in improving the efficient utilization of water and soil resources in the yellow river irrigated region.