Investigation And Environmental Friendly Control Technology Of Root-knot Nematode In Protected Cucumber In Ganquan County Shaanxi Province

Vegetable industry dominates the agricultural economy in Ganquan county,and its development is significant in the whole economical development.But as some areas are continually cropping,the root-knot nematodes have been the main disease.Cucumber,as a dominant protected vegetable,also is the victim of the root-knot nematodes.So it is essential to clear the problem caused of root-knot nematodes,then put forward solutions and demonstrations of the prevention technology.We investigated the current situation of the development of root-knot nematodes,then demonstrated how to prevent and control the root-knot nematodes from July 2015.1.Results of investigation: We visited five protected vegetable stations in Ganquan county and found 20%-50% plants were infracted by root-knot nematodes,causing 10%-50% reduction of production and were more serious in some areas,almost nothing harvested.This is because root-knot nematodes live in the decayed leaves and root in soil,so the disease can’t be realized and dealt with in time.And when it can be found,it’s already too serious to be controlled well.As such,the vegetables are damaged gravely.The investigation suggested there were some problems in the prevention and control of root-knot nematodes in Ganquan County,such as: accumulation of diseases,little effect of control,unadvanced prevention technologies,pollution of fertilizer,more attention paid to chemical control but less to physical or biological prevention,and so on.2.The effect of high temperature stuffy greenhouse with lime nitrogen: This method can obviously kill root-knot nematodes,79.3%-81.7% being controlled,prolonging the harvest period of cucumber to 35 days and increasing production by more than 20%.Its most significant advantage is that not only can it eliminate root-knot nematodes and toxic fungus,but also it can become fertilizer itself.In addition,straw can be differentiated into organic fertilizer by lime nitrogen.So it’s not far to produce environmental vegetables with large quantity and high quality.3.The effect of high temperature stuffy greenhouse with electric shock treatment: This method can obviously reduce the quantity of root-knot nematodes,getting an effect with83.2%-85.9% controlled.After high temperature stuffy greenhouse with electric shock treatment,the tumors on the roots of the diseased plants are smaller,so it can get a good effect.Otherwise,it can help to prolong the harvest period of cucumber to 55 days,increasing production to 6000 kg.It belongs to physical control,with the advantages of convenience,low cost,no pollution,obvious effect and so on.Meantime,most soil-borne fungus are killed after electric shock.The growth of actinomycetes can improve soil microbial community,and the electrolysis of salicylic acid and other substances can help to decrease obstacle caused from continuous cropping.Otherwise,it also has many other advantages,such as: heavy metal ions are adsorbed,the salt concentration in soil are decreased greatly,organic pesticide residues in the soil are decomposed,the damage of the pesticide are relieved and so on.4.The effect of high temperature stuffy greenhouse with “Bo Sheng” bio-fertilizer: This method can obviously reduce the quantity of root-knot nematodes,and reduce the disease index,with 76.2%-77.9% controlled.It can prolong the harvest period of cucumber to 40 days and increasing production by more than 20%.“Bo Sheng” bio-fertilizer(also called plasma oil)can damage the enzyme of the root-knot nematodes by low-temperature plasma to inhibit and kill it.Additionally,low-temperature plasma also can kill other fungus in soil and stimulate plants to grow.It can prevent the propagation of the fungus in soil to ensure vegetables grow well,and help to enhance resistance and production.5.Comprehensive treatment: High temperature stuffy greenhouse + lime nitrogen+electric shock+ “Bo Sheng” bio-fertilizer.Treated in this way,the quantity of root-knot nematodes can be reduced and the disease index can be decreased to a greater extent.There are some data show that compared with electric shock treatment,lime nitrogen,and “Bo Sheng” bio-fertilizer,it can respectively prolong the harvest period by 74,59 and 65 days,increase production by 7400,5000 and 7200 kg.Combined four technologies together,it is easier to cooperate with low cost,and can get better effect.Meantime,the decrease of used fertilizer can improve the soil to get good organic.And it can also relieve the pests and diseases caused from continuous cropping.Investigation and two years demonstrations in three stations show there existed some problems in the prevention and control of root-knot nematodes in facilities vegetables in Ganquan County.Combination of high temperature stuffy greenhouse and one of three technologies: lime nitrogen,electric shock and “Bo Sheng” fertilizer,or all these three methods can relieve the problems.It is a sustainable environmental control technology,which can be widely used in vegetables industry.