| No-tillage technology is an important conservation tillage technology.It can effectively improve soil physical and chemical conditions for tillage,retain moisture,reduce erosion due to water and wind of the soil,enhance soil fertility,improve crop yield,which will finally increase the benefits of the farmers and the environment,and realize the sustainable development of agricultureSoil moisture content was compared in 0-10 cm,10-20 cm,20-30 cm soil layer in different growth periods of corn under different tillage patterns by experiment in this paper.The differences of Soil bulk density,organic matter content,alkali solution nitrogen content,available phosphorus,available potassium content,amylase activity,urease activity,catalase activity,sucrase activity,and dehydrogenase activity between before(Oct.2014)and after(Oct.2015)the experiments were analyzed.The height of the maizeand thousand kernel weight of maize ear were compared under different tillage patterns.At the same time,the situation of popularization and application of no-tillage technology and no-tillage equipment in Jilin Province were analysed.The research results show that:(1)In each layer,the soil moisture content in the same soil layer was the highest underpatternof no-tillage and straw returning to field(NS),and which was the lowest in pattern of traditional tillage and no straw returning to field(CN).In growth period of before sowing,seedling stage,jointing stage,heading stage and maturity stage,the moisture content of 0-10 cm,10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil layers under NS pattern was 13.07-56.33 percent higher than of CN pattern,which suggested that CN pattern beneficial to the storage of soil water which will improve the maize's ability to against drought.(2)The soil bulk density were decreased under NS pattern in 0-10 cm,10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil layer,after the experiment,while which changed little,even was slightly elevated under CN pattern.The result indicated that NS pattern can reduce soil bulk density and soil compaction.(3)Soil organic matter content,alkali solution nitrogen content,available potassium content and available phosphorus content in 0-10 cm,10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil layer were all the highest,and their increased volume were also the biggest under NS pattern in the same soil layer after the experiment.While their contents were the lowest under CN pattern.Therefore,the NS pattern is more conducive to the increase of soil nutrients than the CN pattern.(4)The thousand kernel weight of maize ear was the highest under NS pattern,and was the lowest under CN pattern.The thousand kernel weight of fruit under NS pattern was 7.51 g morn than of NS pattern.The average height of maize under NS pattern was the highest,and was 9.20 cm higher than that of CN pattern,which was the lowest.The result show that NS pattern is helpful to increase the height and the yield of maize.(5)Compared with the traditional tillage pattern,no-tillage pattern save 4-5 operation steps,and manpower,fuel and machinery resourse at the same time.About ?120was saved per hectare underno-tillage pattern.(6)The hindering factors of the popularization and application of the no-tillage sowing technology are the lack of government propaganda support and lack of demonstration base.The main problems of no-tillage seeding machine is that the problem of matching tractor,that the key parts are easy to damage,and that the design details of the machine is not reasonable and so on.The market of no-tillage seeding machine has entered the stage of rapid development in the central area of Jilin Province,but more perfect system for after-sale guidance,service,and maintenance is more needed than before.The requirement for general accessories of no-tillage seeding machine is increasing. |
PDF Full Text Request