| Soybean is the most extensive legume crop of planting area and application value,rich in fat and protein.In recent years,total imports of soybeans rose rapidly in China.Heilongjiang Province,as the main area of soybean production,have a great demand for high-yielding,stable,stress resistance varieties of soybeans.Growth period and yield are closely related,Therefore,the analysis of gene diversity soybean of different breeding stages of Heilongjiang,has a very important role for cultivating strong adaptability varieties,increasing yield,and enhancing the self-sufficiency rate of soybean.In order to study the genetic diversity of soybean varieties of different breeding stages of Heilongjiang Province,In this study,118 varieties of soybean were selected from different breeding periods and germplasm resources.13 CAPS/dCAPS and FLP molecular markers and 10 restriction endonucleases were used to analyze the allelic variation of the 5 loci of El,E2,E3,E4 and Dtl.Combined with multi-year growth data in the field,analysis of the relationship between maturity and growth period genes were conducted.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)There are four different alleles(E1,el-as,el-nl,el-nl-as)in the E1 locus.E2 locus includes two alleles(E2,e2);E3,E3-H,e3-tr,e3-fs were identified by E3 loci.E4 identified two alleles and a non-amplified site(E4,e4-tsu,0);Dtl detected only one allele and non-amplified site(Dt1,0).(2)Genetic diversity analysis showed that the genetic diversity of E3 gene was the highest.According to the results of different breeding period,the genetic diversity of each locus had obvious difference with the breeding period.The alleles el-as,e2,e3-tr,E4,Dtl occupy the highest gene frequency in the four groups.The results of cluster analysis showed that the genetic background of domestic varieties tends to be narrow.(3)17 genotypes were observed according integrated El to E4 and Dtl gene.The gene frequency of el-as/e2/e3-tr/E4/Dtl is higher.The correlation analysis between the genotype and maturity showed that E2 and E3 gene,E3 gene and the growth period of the correlation was extremely significant.(4)In present study,soybean varieties were divided four different groups according releasing period.The gene frequency and diversity among four groups showed significant difference.Genotypes of el-as,e2 and e3-tr were observed in all four groups,while el-as showed the largest gene frequency,and two different genotypes,e4-tsu and null,were observed in first group.New genotypes were observed in the third and fourth groups in Dtl allele showed that appearance and disappearance of gene should exist and rare genotype also be observed in present study.(5)The highest combined genotypes in four groups were El/e2/e3-tr/E4/Dtl in the first group,el-as/e2/e3-tr/E4/Dtl in the second group,el-as/e2/e3-tr/E4/Dtl in the third group and el-as/e2/E3-H/E4/Dtl in the fourth group with a gene frequency of 0.33,0.5,0.49 and 0.275,respectively.Vary numbers of combined genotypes were observed in different groups,six in the first group,five in the second group,eleven in the third group and twelve in the fourth group,respectively.The combined genotypes of el-as/e2/e3-tr/E4/Dtl?E1/e2/e3-tr/E4/Dt1?el-as/e2/E3/E4/Dtl were observed in all four groups,suggested that these genotypes should be correlated with good agronomic traits.(6)Genetic distance analysis showed that there is the nearest relationship between group 2 and group3,larger genetic distance was observed between group 1 and the other 2 groups,while the largest genetic distance existed between group 4 with the other 3 groups. |
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