Create Rice Photoperiod And Thermo-sensitive Genic Male Sterility And Restorer Line By Technology Of Tissue Culture

"With the fine varieties,that is,do not increase the labor force,fertilizer,you can get more harvest." Therefore,the cultivation of rice varieties is the development of rice production is an important part.Rice breeding methods are introduced,systematic breeding,cross breeding,polyploid breeding and haploid breeding.Among them,the yield of crossbreeding cultivars was remarkable.Rice heterosis utilization,polyploid breeding and haploid breeding has made great progress,but still in the accelerated research,some links yet to be a breakthrough,once a breakthrough,can better serve the production.Hybrid breeding is the use of materials with different genetic characteristics and traits as parents,after hybridization makes these traits and characteristics integrated in the same body to obtain new varieties and groups.The two hybrids with different genetic characteristics were crossed,and their hybrids were more vigorous than those of the two parents.The root system was developed,and the vigor and yield were remarkable.This phenomenon was called heterosis.Sorghum is a hybrid produced by the male sterile line with the restorer line,and played a role in increasing production,so the use of male sterile lines,maintain lines and their corresponding restorer lines to prepare hybrids,is a way of breeding.In this paper,the line HD9802S-2X of the thermo-sensitive genic male sterile come from our school life science college with "big lake 51" as the female parent,"early red radish" for the male parent hybrid,multi-generation breeding and low temperature screening of riceEarly-indica-type thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line;photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line PS001 is a tetraploid strain with PMeS gene,high fertility and sterile male sterility,polyploid restorer T1 is High Efficient Characteristics of PMeS Gene and High Yield Japonica Lines.Using of polyploidy and distant hybridization to screen super rice is a new rice breeding strategy.From the evolutionary point of view,polyploid rice has a potential high resistance due to the favorable probability of gene combination And high yield.And I started the study of rice haploid breeding since 1971.But also on the cultivation methods and conditions to do a lot of research,at present,these aspects have made great progress.In this paper,the line of HD9802 S that the thermo-sensitive genic male sterile was used as experimental material to compare the morphological,cytological and agronomic traits of diploid and its autotetraploid respectively.And the polyploid restorer line of T1 was used as experimental material to carry out haploid culture to obtain diploid seedling.For the subspecies hybrid selection of better sterile lines to lay the foundation.The results are as follows:To create polyploid,this paper is a thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line HD9802 S diploid plants,with its young ear callus culture,callus and then containing colchicine in the medium suspension culture,After the recovery,differentiation,rooting culture to obtain tetraploid plants.Only three of the plants were polyploid,and the rest were diploid.Indicating the doubling probability and the doubling process,the characteristics of the strain itself,making the multiplication of tetraploid seedlings rarely.To create a haploid,that is the photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line PS001,tetraploid restorer line T1 anther and not fertilized room for the material haploid culture,the test according to the type and process of culture with liquid Culture and solid culture.Which liquid culture according to the purpose of cultivation,the actual conditions of different to take a different mode of operation,the test liquid culture is liquid tube static method and liquid shake bottle method.The callus was obtained,and then divided into raw and rooted to obtain the respective diploid plants.Diploid and tetraploid of thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line HD9802 S were observed by morphological observation and polyploid plants to determine the successfulcultivation of polyploid materials.The results showed that the agronomic traits of HD9802S-2X and 4X were implanted into the field of Wuhan Oilfield in June 2016,and the agronomic traits of the diploid and tetraploid were calculated(plant height,sword leaf width,ear number,spike length,grain length,grain width,total grain number per panicle,per panicle and seed setting rate).The autotetraploid of the material is consistent with the characteristics of polyploid rice that has been studied in most of the properties,with the exception of certain traits.HD9802S-4X had higher plant morphology than that of diploid dwarf,HD9802 S tetraploid was less than that of diploid tiller,and was consistent with the characteristics of a series of polyploid rice,but in measuring the length and width of flag leaf Found that the size,thickness and color and diploid difference is not significant,from the naked eye observation point of view almost no difference,but the tetraploid spike and grain size compared to diploid significantly increased.Its diploid and tetraploid grains are not awn,which is a major feature of its material itself.Haploid plants to obtain the conditions of optimization,many scholars have shown that the rate of excretion of anther culture and differentiation rate is the medium,culture conditions,explants and material genotypes and other factors control.The results showed that it was feasible to construct the autotetraploid male sterile line with the diploid in vitro culture of the typical photoperiod-temperature sensitive male sterile line.The polyploid was compared with the diploid male sterile line.There are different,indicating that breeders can learn from the characteristics of diploid male sterile lines to create and select the breeding objectives of the same autotetraploid sterile line.In order to obtain pure lines,Haploid breeding can shorten the breeding period and improve the breeding efficiency.It chooses the basis for selection of better sterile lines for subspecies hybrids and provides the possibility for rice improvement and new breed cultivation.