Genetic Analysis Of Fruit Appearance Characteristics And Preliminary Mapping Of The Genes Related To Fruit Skin Color In Melon

Melon(Cucumis melo L.)is widely cultivated horticultural crops in the world,and is also one of the tenth most famous fruits,deeply loved by the masses of the people.Melon fruit is rich in genetic variation,the genetic studies of fruit characteristics are important for melon breeding.In the experiment,'T148' as female parent and 'T211' as male parent were hybridized combination to build F2 population.The flower sexual type,fruit length,fruit diameter,fruit of cavity and soluble solids content and fruit appearance characteristics were investigated and analyzed in parents,F1 and F2 plants.At the same time,two F2:3 families were used to map the secondary skin color,and secondary skin pattern.The main results were as follows:1.Through the survey anaysis of flower sexual type of F2 segregation populations,we found that the proportion of andromonoecious and hermaphrodite did not conform to 3:1.Fruit length,fruit diameter,fruit shape and fruit cavity showed obvious separation and unimodal continuous distribution,kurtosis and skewness were less than l,accorded with normal distribution,presented the genetic characteristics of quantitative traits in the F2 segregation population.The content of fruit soluble solids showed apparent separation and unimodal continuous distribution,skewness and kurtosis were less than 1,accorded with normal distribution,a typical genetic characteristics of quantitative straits in the F2 segregation population.2.To investigate fruit appearance characters in F2 population:we found the appearance characters had rich variation in this plants.The phenotypic traits such as fruit color,fruit mask,groove had complex separation,these variants provided the basis for selecting different appearance characteristics of Muskmelon Varieties.3.Using F2;3 plants to analyze the genetic traits of the fruit skin color,we found the number of gray plants and green plants had a ratio of 3:1 in F2:3-309 plants;the number of patches plants and strips plants had a ratio of 3:1 in F2:3-375 plants.Using BSA and RNA-seq method to map the skin color and skin covering grain traits respectively,we eventually found the gene which controlled mature fruit secondary skin color was in chromosome 7,the gene which controlled secondary skin pattern was in chromosome 4.