| The konjac is a perennial herb,which is the main economic organ of the underground bulb.Whether the konjac is bogey chlorine crops,How to apply chlorine fertilizer and other issues have been plagued the vast number farmers.At present,the research on the chlorine on konjac has not been reported.This experiment first carried out that Amorphophallus albus and Amorphophallus konjac were cultivated in pot in greenhouse.In order to explore the effects of exogenous chlorine on the growth and development of Amorphophallus,different concentrations of exogenous chlorine were imposed in the process of their growth.Moreover,we chose 3 different size?15g,75 g,150g?of the Amorphophallus albus and Amorphophallus konjac for material in the field.By applying various amount of chloride fertilizer,exploring the effects of chloride fertilizer and the residual chlorine in the soil on the production of Amorphophallus.The main results are as follows:1.Through the observation of konjac leaf morphology on the ground under the different concentrations of exogenous chlorine treatment,the results showed that the tip and leaf margin of the A.konjac and A.albus started to scorch and curl,when the chlorine concentrations are 32 mmol·L-1and 16 mmol·L-1,respectively.the leaves of the A.konjac and A.albus size reduced and etiolated significantly when the chlorine concentration are 128 mmol·L-1and 256 mmol·L-1,respectively.2.Under the different concentrations of chlorine treatment,the growth,physiological and biochemical characteristics of the A.konjac and A.albus were studied.The results were as follows:?1?The chlorine concentration ranging from 4 to 8mmol·L-1 is conducive to the Seedling,postpone its fall and prolong its growth cycle of A.konjac and A.albus.And applying chlorine are beneficial to decrease the incidence rate of A.Konjac and A.albus.?2?The sound seedling index,plant height,stalk diameter and leaf area of A.Konjac and A.albus were increased with the increase of exogenous chlorine concentration and then decreased,and the sound seedling index,plant height,petiole rough and leaf area of A.Konjac and A.albus reached the highest at 8 mmol·L-1,4 mmol·L-1,4 mmol·L-1,4 mmol·L-1.The results suggested that amount of nitrogen is beneficial to promote the morphogenesis,the seedling and increase the leaf area.?3?The photosynthetic rate,SOD activity and root activity of A.Konjac and A.albus were increased with the increase of exogenous chlorine concentration and then decreased,and the photosynthetic rate,SOD activity and root activity of A.Konjac and A.albus reached the highest at 16 mmol·L-1,64 mmol·L-1 and 64 mmol·L-1.But the contents of chlorophyll of A.Konjac and A.albus were significantly decreased with the increase of exogenous chlorine concentration,so chlorophyll content under low chlorine is not the main factor affecting photosynthetic rate.?4?The fresh weight of leave,stem and root of A.Konjac and A.Albus increased first and then fell with the increase of exogenous chlorine concentration at 30 d,60d and 90 d.and The fresh weight of leave,stem and root of A.Konjac reached the highest at30 d,30d and 60 d,the fresh weight of leave,stem and root of A.Albus reached the highest at30 d,60d and 30 d,so the sensitive period of chlorine of A.Konjac and A.albus were in the 30 60 d after planting,that's about in the end of changing head of konjac.3?At the different times,the major inclusion substances of konjac bulb were studied under the different concentrations of chlorine treatment,the results were showed that the properly application Chloride(432mmol·L-1)could improve the content of three main material inside the bulb of konjac at the early stage of the konjac growth,and in the middle and later periods of the konjac growth?60 d and 90 d?,suitably applied Chloride fertilizer(4 32mmol·L-1)could promote the synthesis and accumulation of starch and KGM,lower soluble sugar content.4.At the different times,the Chloride content of the different tissues and organs were studied under the different concentrations of chlorine treatment,the results were showed that A.Konjac and A.Albus organs' chloride content was significantly increased with the increase of the exogenous chlorine concentration.In prophase?after planting 30 d?konjac absorbed chlorine mainly accumulated in the roots,the middle and late growth stage konjac?after planting 60 d and 90 d?mainly accumulated and stored in the aboveground leaf,accumulation of chlorine ion in the stem were relatively fewer.5.the yield of A.Konjac and A.Albus were studied under the different concentrations of chlorine treatment,the results were showed that the single rhizome fresh weight,plant total rhizomes per plant,rhizomes bulb fresh weight per plant fresh weight and shoot fresh weight of A.Konjac and A.Albus along with the increase of concentration of exogenous chloride showed a trend of first increased and then drop.Konjac constitute factors,yield moderate chloride(4 8 mmol·L-1)mainly increased rhizomes fresh weight per plant and yield significantly by promoting a single rhizomes fresh weight.A.Konjac and A.Albus resistanced to chloride threshold level were 8 to 16 mmol·L-1,and A.Konjac was more sensitive than A.Albus to chloride.6.To three different sizes taro of A.konjac and A.albus?A.konjac: 15 g,100g and 200g;A.albus: 15 g,75g and 150g?for the materials,the konjac was cultivated under different application rates of different chlorine fertilizer,and the results showed that:?1?The yield of the A.konjac and the A.albus' seed taro of different sizes were all increased first and then fell with the increase of exogenous chlorine concentration,and the yield of A.konjac and A.albus is the best in treatment of 7 treatment of 8 and treatment of 8 treatment of 9,compared with CK increased by 37.8% 55.7% and 38.1% 70.8%,respectively.And the taro was larger and more sensitive to chlorine,The more vulnerable to the impact of chlorine poisoning.?2?At 120 d after fertilization,the residual chloride contents in the soils of all layers were restored to CK state.Therefore,the conventional application of chlorine-containing fertilizers will not affect the next season or next year's crop cultivation.In summary,the appropriate amount of chlorine(0 8 mmol · l-1)is conducive to the growth and development of A.konjac and A.albus,extending its growth cycle,promoting its morphogenesis,increasing its plant fresh weight and seedling index,improving the activity of SOD and root activities,enhancing the rate of photosynthesis,reducing the incidence,promoting the transformation and synthesis of the main contents of the bulb,thereby increasing its yields per plant and improving the quality of its products,while the higher exogenous chlorine is the opposite and significantly reduced the yield per plant and product quality.Under normal fertilization,the application of chlorine fertilizer had no significant effect on the yield of A.konjac and A.albus,and the residual amount of soil chlorine could not affect the corn of the next season or the next year. |
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