| Locust migratory at border areas between China and Kazakhstan often caused severe damage.This paper aims to clarify the similarities and differences of ecological characteristics between locusts’ immigrant and emigrant areas for improving the prediction.Field data were analyzed collected from border areas in both Alakol of Kazakhstan and Tacheng,Xinjiang of China.Results showed that both areas are flat,the former had an altitude of 412-431 m,the latter altitude was between452 m and 508 m,and have no significant difference(P>0.05).Main vegetation types and locust species are similar.Vegetable species mainly included Gramiaeae,Cyperaceae,Chenopodiaceae,Peganaceae,Compositae and Artemisia;Main locust species were Calliptamus italicus,Locusta migratoria migratoria,Calliptamus coelesyriensis,Dociostaurus kraussi,Oedaleus decorus,Bryodema gebleri,Chorthippus mollischarp.Soil pH values were 8.80±0.17 and 8.16±0.14,salty content were 5.95±1.79 and 0.71±0.10 mg/g,the organic content were 46.94±4.37 and22.53±2.74 g/kg for Tacheng and Alakol border,respectively,and there were significant differences(P<0.05)between both areas.Except for Ca2+and CO32-,such as Cl-,SO42-,K+,Na+,Mg2+,HCO3-contents were significantly different(P<0.05).Annual average temperature and precipitation showed no significant difference(P>0.05)for both areas from 1980 to 1999,while annual and seasonal average temperature and precipitation were significantly different in 5 year variation tendency(P<0.05).The migratory ability of C.italicus adults from 2 to 13 day-age adults were measured with a flight mill(JDFXM-3)under the room temperature.The result showed that flight capacity was different in males and females at different day-ages.With day-age old,the flight capacity of females increased firstly and then decreased,while males decreased,and females’ flight capacity was better than males’.The average flight distance and duration of females reached the maximum at the 7 day-age,which were 0.96±0.32 km and 0.57±0.15 h,respectively.Males reached the peaks at the 2 day-age,which were 0.53±0.24 km and 0.31±0.12 h,respectively.Average flight distance and duration of females and males minimized at 13 day-age,which were0.11±0.03 km and 0.07±0.01 h,0.02±0.00 km and 0.02±0.00 h,respectively.There were significant differences in the average flight distance and duration(P<0.05)between females and males at the same day-age,between females or males at different day-age,while there were no significant differences in the flight speed(P>0.05).Vegetation type,soil physi-chemical properties and climate characteristics for the Sino-Kazakhstan border adjacent area are suitable for locust egg-laying,hatching,growing and developing.Damages caused by locust migratory would still be one of the most important biological disasters for Sino-Kazakhstan border area.The dominant species of vegetation,the lower soil pH and salinity and climatic conditions are suitable for locust egg-laying,hatching,growing and developing in Alakol area.The suitable breeding area constantly increased in border area of Tacheng in Xinjiang because of cultivated land abandoned.Results indicated that the Sino-Kazakh border areas would still be an important locusts’ breeding area,and damages caused by locust migratory would still exist.Results have an important role in guiding the monitoring and prevention of locusts in the Sino-Kazakh border. |
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