| In this study,we returned waste substrate cultivated vegetables in facility agriculture garden's greenhouse continuously for 6 years at Shahe village,Zongzhai town,Jiuquan city,to field as different amount(T0,T1,T2,T3=0,3,6,9 m3·667 m-2),and then planted pepper.measured physicochemical properties of soil and the physiological characteristics,quality and yield of pepper.The main results were as follow:Returning substrate to field could keep soil air and water unobstructed,reduce bulk density and soil acidification in the whole growth period of pepper.T3 got the minimum bulk density,decrease from 1.27 g·cm-3 to 1.20 g·cm-3 in the whole period,reduced by 2.67%,4.86% compared to T0.There was no obvious change in total porosity,aeration porosity and water holding porosity among each treatment.And there was increase in aeration porosity and decrease in water holding porosity except T3,thus T3 maintain soil void ratio between 0.21-0.23,T0 made obviously decline from 0.19 to 0.11;p H was the most stable in T2,ranging from 7.07 to 7.31,and T0 was obviously reduced.Returning substrate to field raised the nutrient content of soil.The contents of total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in soil were all decreased and T3 had the highest content in the whole growth period of pepper.T3 also got the highest ammonium and nitrate N content before planting,were 10.5 mg·kg-1 and 49.14 mg·kg-1 respectively,there was no significant difference among treatments after planting 135 days.The organic matter content showed an increasing trend,T3 was the highest before planting,and T2 was 37.61 g·kg-1,the highest after planting 135 days,and T0 had the lowest organic matter content in the whole period.Returning substrate to field promoted the growth of pepper.T2 had the highest value of plant height,stem diameter and matter accumulation,were 79.15 cm,17.18 mm and 182.95 g respectively.Returning substrate to field enhanced the performance of photosynthetic fluorescence of pepper leaves.T2 had the highest value of Pn,Tr,Gs,Fv/Fm and ?PS?,were 20.47 ?mol·m-2·s-1,9.94 mmol·m-2·s-1,747.70 mol·m-2·s-1,0.795,0.521 respectively,and T1 of Qp,T3 was the minimum on NPQ,were 0.887,0.566 respectively.Returning substrate to field raised the fruit quality and yield of pepper obviously.The highest content of soluble sugar was T2,2.21%,21.97% higher than T0;the highest content of Vc was T3,1.97 mg·g-1,17.11% higher than T0;T1 had the highest content of soluble protein and lowest of Nitrate,2.07 mg·g-1 and 204.93 mg·kg-1,and the nitrate content was 36.41% lower than that of T0;maximum number of fruit per plant and yield was found in T2 treatment,were up to 35.63 and 67.04 t/hm2 respectively,had 7.31% higher yield than T0,and T3 was followed by 4428.66 kg·667 m-2. |
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