Study On Development And Morphological Anatomy Of Wild Scutellaria Baicalensis From Shanxi

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,which is one of bulk medicinal herbs in China is perennial herb of Labiatae,Scutellaria L.S.baicalensis contains many kinds of flavonoids such as baicalin,baicalein,wogonoside and wogonin which has widely medicine value.With the deepening of pharmacological study of S.baicalensis and the continuous development of new products,the demand for medicinal materials has been expanding.Over-harvesting leds to the wild resources have been severely damaged and the wild populations in many areas have been close to depletion.In recent years,the medicinal supply of medicinal herbs rely on the artificial cultivation.However,due to the serious shortage of basic research,S.baicalensis germplasm resources have not yet been fully excavated and utilized.In the artificial cultivation,exists widespread problems such as blind introduction and shortening of acclimation time,which leads to the mixed species in the cultivated population,the impurity of germplasm,the degradation of herbs,the low yield of herbs,the decrease of quality and the poor quality uniformity,which seriously affect the clinical curative effect accuracy.S.baicalensis is one of authentic medicinal materials in Shanxi Province,which is rich in wild baicalin resources.In this study,we observed and compared the the anatomical characteristics of roots,stems and leaves of fifty kinds wild S.baicalensis from Shanxi.We take the following observation for the changes of the apparent character and microstructure of the plants during the development of Wild S.baicalensis in Tianlong Mountain,Taiyuan.Analysis and determinations the accumulation law of the different developmental stages for the main components.Our experiment results showed that:The thickness of cork layer,cortex,phloem and xylem of roots are different in fifty kinds wild S.baicalensis.Among them,the difference of xylem thickness was the most significant,which is correlated with therelative distance between different areas.The wild S.baicalensis steam in different habitats of Shanxi is near circular and minority four prismatic.The different convex degree is content with the cold resistance.The thickness of leaves,palisade tissue and sponge tissue of S.baicalensis from different habitats are significantly different.The P/S,CTR and SR of leaf can distinguish the ecotype of S.baicalensis.The S.baicalensis from Shanxi have strong adaptation for arid environment.Most of the roots have the periderm,and some has a double cork layer and interxylary cork,these structures is conducive to reducing the loss of water.The stems fibrovascular tissue mostly ring,closely arranged with the developed pulp.And the leaf thickness and the sea level of S.baicalensis in different origin are different.During the vegetative growth period,the morphological indexes of the wild S.baicalensis from the Tianlong Mountain in Taiyuan increased significantly from the other ones.During the flowering period and the result period,the morphological indexes did not change obviously.During the flowering period,The thickness of the root cork layer and the thickness of the xylem were "increase-decrease-increase".The change rule of stem xylem thickness and large catheter radius in the early stage of vegetative growth was "increase-decrease".The VPD is consistent with the change of leaf diameter of the main vein.The change rule of P / S and CTR is "decrease-raise-decrease-increase-decrease".During the development process,the content of baicalin in wild S.baicalensis root of Tianlong Mountain in Taiyuan was "decrease-increase-decrease",and the highest content was in early May.