Effects Of Combined Application Inorganic Sulfur And Cysteine On Grain Quality Of Wheat

Sulfur is one of the most important elements that are essential to plant growth and it plays an important role in wheat yield and quality.In this study,Yangmai 16 cultivar was used to determine the effects of inorganic sulfur and cysteine application on grain protein quality and flour quality.Main results as follow:1.The effects of inorganic sulfur and cysteine on grain protein qualitySulfur fertilizer application increased protein components,HMW-GS and LMW-GS content,GMP content and GMP size distribution.The effects on content of albumin,gliadin and HMW-GS of basal fertilizer application were better than that of joingting stage fertilizer application,while the jointing stage fertilizer application had more positive effects on content of glutenin and LMW-GS.The content of large GMP particle(diameter more than 100 μm)increased with sulfur fertilization,that was increased more under sulfur application during jointing stage than applying as basal fertilizer,especially for Cys60(J)treatment.2.The effects of inorganic sulfur and cysteine on flour qualitySulfur fertilizer application has a great influnence on wheat flour quality.Sulfur fertilizer application increased the content of dry,wet glutenin and sedimentation values.As for bread-baking quality,bread hardness and chewiness decreased while springiness increased with sulfur fertilization.Overall,the effects of jointing stage fertilizer application treatments were better than that of basal feitilizer application treatments and the effects of cysteine application was higher than inorganic sulfur application in terms of the sulfur species.According to the correlation annaysis of flour quality indices,content of wet gluten was very significant positive correlation with content of dry gluten、sedimentation value and bread specific volume;content of dry gluten was significant positive correlation with sedimentation value and was very significant positive correlation with bread specific volume,but it was significant negative correlation with bread chewiness;gluten index was significant positive correlation with bread hardness and chewiness and was significant negative correlation with sedimentation value and bread specific volume;sedimentation value was significant positive correlation with bread specific volume and was very significant negative correlation with bread hardness and chewiness;bread specific volume was significant negative correlation with bread hardness and was very significant negative correlation with bread chewiness;bread hardness was very significant negative correlation with bread chewiness.Principal component analysis showed that jointing stage fertilizer treatments were better than basal fertilizer treatments and Cys60(J)treatment had the best influnence on flour quality.3.The effects of different ratio of inorganic sulfur and cysteine and differentappliation stage on nitrogen and sulfur metabolismThe results showed that sulfur fertilizer application increased NR,GS,OAS-TL activity in grain,the effects of jointing stage fertilizer application treatments were better than that of basal fertilizer application treatments and Cys60(J)treatment exhibited the best influnce on NR,GS and OAS-TL activity.Sulfur fertilizer application could increased the content of sulfur-containing amino acid in grain.Jointing stage ferilizer application treatments had the better influnce on it than that of basal fertilizer application treatments,while sulfur fertilizer application had no influnce on none sulfur-containing amino acid in grain.Sulfur fertilizer application promoted nitrogen and sulfur accumulation and partition,the effects of jointing stage fertilizer application treatments were better than that of basal fertilizer application.Treatment Cys60(J)exhibited the best influnce on nitrogen and sulfur accumulation in grain.As a result,the effects of jointing stage fertilizer application treatments on grain protein quality and flour quality were better than that of basal feitilizer application treatments,Treatment Cys60(J)exhibited the best influence on protein quality and flour quality.