The Design And Research Of The Fishway In Fendou Reservoir

For the time being, in order to water supply and power generation, many countries in the world dam rivers up. They also cut canal for shipping and flood control. Besides, in order to facilitate the use of agricultural and urban, they drainage on the ground reclaim wetland .These intense human activities not only bring a series of negative effects on aquatic ecosystem, but also have a negative effect on the natural population of fish in the river.Damming river directly cause the water ecological environment change on the downstream of the dam, interrupt the continuity of river system, block the local fish to freedom of movement(not only in relation to the long distance migratory species,but also related to the certain stages of life history on longitudinal motion of all fish), change the aquatic biodiversity of the operation mechanism. Therefore, as a kind of ecological compensation project, the fishway has become an important measure to improve the adverse effects of water conservancy project on ecological environment compensation. Fishway play a increasing significance role on resume the free passage of fish and other aquatic species in the river. For the moment, these engineering measures are usually the best way for aquatic organisms to pass through the barrier, and become a key element in the improvement of water ecosystem. The effective operation of the fishway is an important condition to maintain vertical connectivity of rivers.However, the current research show that there are many examples of success or failure, As far as our country is concerned, we built a lot of fishways,but most of fishways run less than optimal. Therefore, we need to fully know the fishway research status and development situation. In this premise, gradually improve the shortage and put forward the improvement methods and measures will play an important role in coordinating the relationship between water conservancy projects and ecological environment.First of all, this paper expounds the necessity and feasibility of the construction of the fishway and summarizes the current research status and development of fishway. Treating the fishway at home and abroad research and application of data as the basis, the paper describes the construction situation of fishway in the world including the fishway construction projects,the main fishway types in recent years. This paper introduces the classification and various types of fishway minutely. According to the requirements of the project, the paper chooses two types of comparative analysis of fishway.After the formulation of the vertical slot fishway, combined with the local terrain conditions, hydrological data, local migratory fish and the main hydraulics parameters, this paper gives a detailed analysis of the general layout, the layout of fishway, the choice of fishway's the export and import. After determining the layout plan of the fishway, the paper designs the size of fishway for this project andcalculatethe size. Then check the structure design of the fishway size whether it meets the requirements of anti slide stability against overturning, In addition, in order to achieve a better effect, this paper designs a number of ancillary facilities for fishway. Finally, calculating the amount of work needed in this project.In order to ensure the reliability and reasonableness of the design, numerical simulation tests the original design of the fishway in this paper. In the fishway design, water depth and velocity are two important hydraulic elements. In the project, fishway will be built at the right side of the dam site and designed six fishway exit upstream. Being Opened different export to meet the requirements of the minimum water depth in different water level. So In this paper,the numerical simulation test is mainly to observe the velocity of flow, the state of the flow,the water surface line and so on. Paper uses MIKE21 software for 2D hydrodynamic numerical simulation of fishway and analyzes the simulation results wether the original design scheme meets the design requirements of all water level.The test shows that the fishway in the import and export of upstream and downstream water level corresponding to the depth difference is larger,near the entrance of a fishway pool indoor velocity is too large, in order to solve this problem, this paper analyzes the theory and model structure improvement methods. Then the improved method is verified by numerical simulation and the results of different models are analyzed. The improvement effect is obvious, and has better flow pattern in the fishway indoor pool, suitable for main kinds of fish successfully traced and has good conditions for the rest of the fishway should be adopted.