| In order to investigate the effect of fertilizer and nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers on the drought resistance characteristics of the mulched potato in the hilly area of the Loess Plateau and the mechanism of increasing yield in the area,the potato variety "Kexin No.1" was used as the test material to study the effects of fertilizer and nitrogen,Effects of Phosphate Fertilizer Application on Soil Physical and Chemical Index,Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics,Leaf Physiological Index,Root Physiological Index and Potato Quality,and Its Theoretical Basis for Application of Fertilizer Fertilizer.The main findings are as follows:1.the treatment of bacteria and fertilizer in different years have shown to increase the potato rhizosphere soil moisture content of the effect.In 2015,the soil water content of different soil layers was 1.87%?40.16%higher than that of CK.In 2016,the soil water content of different soil layers was higher than that of CK The treatment of antimicrobial fertilizer,urea and diammonium phosphate is the best treatment.The application of microbial fertilizer improved the rhizosphere soil environment,increased soil water content and microbial population activity,and provided a buffer stage for the drought stress of the plant to ensure the normal growth and development of the potato.2.The results showed that the SPAD of potato leaves was 1.33%?28.92%higher than that of the control,and the photosynthetic rate was 4.65%?29.41%higher than that of the control.The transpiration rate increased by 3.84%?37.23%,the stomatal conductance increased by 1.26%?14.68%compared with the control.After the fertilizer treatment,the photosynthetic capacity of the plant was enhanced,the treatment effect of the bacteria fertilizer,urea and diammonium phosphate was the most obvious,and the chlorophyll content,Enhanced leaf photosynthetic efficiency,is conducive to plant assimilation.3.The content of MDA in potato leaves decreased by 4.67%?26.16%,and the content of MDA in roots decreased by 2.83%?18.35%.The results showed that the bacteria fertilizers could reduce the plasma membrane permeability and alleviate the drought The damage to the potato cell membrane,and less rainfall in 2015,the effect of bacterial fertilizer is particularly significant.The content of free proline in potato leaves and roots decreased by 5.36%?32.24%and 2.29%?29.51%,respectively,which indicated that the application of microbial fertilizer reduced the accumulation of free proline and helped the potato plants to adapt Drought adversity environment,enhanced plant drought resistance.4.The activity of SOD in the leaves and roots of potato during the seedling stage,tuber formation stage and tuber enlargement period decreased by 1.31%?17.43%and 1.03%?23.18%,respectively,and the POD activity decreased by 3.39%?26.32%And 4.24%-39.63%,respectively.The activity of SOD in leaves and roots increased by 3.55%?12.61%and 4.81%?13.97%,respectively,and the activities of POD increased by 9.31%?32.15%and 10.54%?48.49%.5.The results showed that the application of Bacteria Fertilizer was beneficial to the rhizosphere soil microbes,and the root activity of the potato during the growth period was improved,and the root system absorbs water and mineral nutrition The ability to promote the increase in production.6.The content of starch in potato tubers increased by 3.17%?14.19%,the content of Vc increased by 1.17%?8.9%and the content of reducing sugar decreased by 9.82%in the potato tubers,indicating that the application of fertilizer to improve the nutritional quality of potatoes.7.The yield of potato,the yield of potato and the economic benefit of the potato were increased by 9.52%?20.83%and the economic benefit increased by 922.5?2662.5 yuan.The yield of fertilizer applied in 2016 increased by 8.32%?28.06%.and the economic benefit increased by 1869?5080.5 yuan.8.The correlation analysis showed that the leaf stomatal conductance,root SOD content and root activity were significantly positively correlated with the yield.The photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,SOD content and POD content in the leaves were significantly positively correlated with the yield The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)and the yield of MDA were negatively correlated with the yield. |
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