The Evaluation Of Soil Quality In Poor Villages In Loess Plateau

Gully region of the Loess Plateau is one of China’s poverty-stricken population distribution area,the area of agriculture is the main economic source,even is the only source of income.As the basis of agricultural production,soil is the foundation and basis for the sustainable and efficient development of agricultural and forestry production technical measures.Deep understanding of characteristics and soil quality,agricultural technology and take corresponding measures according to the soil condition,make it possible to achieve high yield,high quality,efficient and sustainable and healthy development of agriculture,and ultimately make the people walk on the road of poverty.In this study,Peach Village Jixian national poverty counties in gully region of the Loess Plateau as the research object,through investigation and indoor field collection and analysis of soil samples,obtained the Taocun sampling of soil nutrient and heavy metal content of the data by Excel 2003,SPSS 17 0 and Sigmaplot 12.5 software,mean the data of standard deviation,coefficient of variation,calculation,significant correlation coefficient and variance analysis and mapping,study of soil nutrients and heavy metal in the village within the scope of the content,spatial variability,and has carried on the evaluation of soil fertility quality and soil environmental quality evaluation.The main results are as follows:(1)The soil of Peach village in poor village of Loess Plateau is slightly alkaline,and the distribution characteristics of pH value of different land use types were as follows: walnut garden > millet land > corn land > apple orchard;Organic matter belongs to the lack of grade,its distribution characteristics are: walnut garden > corn land > apple land > millet;Alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen belongs to the lack of grade,available potassium is rich,the two distribution characteristics are the same,are shown as: apple orchard > walnut garden > corn field > millet;The available phosphorus is relatively rich,and its distribution characteristicsare as follows: apple orchard > walnut Garden > millet land>corn feild.The content of available nutrients in apple orchard was the highest,which may be related to higher economic output and more human involvement.(2)Correlation analysis of nutrient index village within the scope of soil between the results showed that the pH value and the soil available nutrients were significantly negatively correlated;in addition to organic matter and alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen were positively correlated,no significant correlation with other nutrients;between N and P and available K content showed 22 significant or highly significant positive correlation.(3)The distribution of soil organic matter in the study area is generally distributed in the southwest of the southwest,which may be related to the topographic factors such as altitude and slope in the study area.The distribution characteristics of available N,available P and available K in the study area were similar to those in the central region,and the east and west sides were low.The reason may be the construction of terraces,plastic film mulching,fertilization and other human factors.(4)The village of peach soil except Mn did not exceed the background values of Shanxi,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd and so on the different degree of the heavy metals were accumulated,its content is slightly higher than the background values of Shanxi,but did not exceed the national soil quality standard level two.The contents of heavy metals in five kinds of land use types of apple orchard,corn field,walnut garden and millet field were not significantly different from those of the background values of the 4 kinds of land use types.(5)Correlation analysis of 5 kinds of heavy metals in the region.The results showed that Cu was significantly related to Mn,there is significant correlation between Zn and Mn,Cd,correlation coefficients were 0.260,0.302 and-0.274,indicating that these heavy metals accumulation may be from the same source of pollution or agricultural activities.(6)In the evaluation of soil fertility quality in the study area,the pH value,organic matter,nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium of 5 indicators on the basis of the corresponding membership functions are normalized analysis method to determine the weight of each index using principal components,and then obtained the Taocun loess plateau soil fertility quality at all sampling by using the weighted index method and the evaluationresults.The results show that the soil quality of peach village is II,which is a high level,and the types of land use are high or medium level.(7)For evaluation of soil environmental quality in the research area by the method of single factor pollution index in Shanxi Province,soil background value as the evaluation criteria for the results,in the soil of the study area Mn is of no pollution level,Cd,Cu,Ni,Zn light pollution level.Based on the results of the national soil standard two,Mn,Cd,Cu,Ni,Zn belong to the pollution level.There was no significant difference in the same heavy metal pollution in different land use types.(8)By Nemero comprehensive pollution index of soil environmental quality evaluation in the study area,the background values of soils in Shanxi Province as the evaluation criteria for the results,corn,apple,walnut,millet and the four kinds of land use types of soil pollution levels are lightly polluted.Peach Village soil is also a mild pollution level.Based on the two national soil quality standard,the soil pollution index of the land use types of the four types of land use was reduced,which were all of the clean grade.Peach Village as a whole is not contaminated,is a clean grade.