| Sparganium stoloniferum Buch.-Ham.is an authentic medicinal herb in Jiangsu province.In recent years,due to long-time over-use and various human factors,the wild resources and cultivated area has reduced year by year.Cultivated varieties of single and asexual reproduction for a long time resulted in quality degradation obviousily and restricted the development of industry of Sparganium stoloniferum.In view of the existing resources status in Jiangsu province,it is necessary to breed a new strain with higher genetic stability and superior comprehensive properties by modern technologies to provide the basis for GAP production and to promote the sustainable use of Sparganium stoloniferum resources in Jiangsu province.On the basis of related literature research,we carried out the following researches and obtained some results.?1?Sparganium stoloniferum resource survey and biological characteristics researches.Application of GPS positioning,We have studied Sparganium stoloniferum in resource distribution,growth environment,morphological structure,growth characteristics,regularity of development,etc.Combining the field investigation with spatial location and distribution to analyse the comfortable living environment and provide theoretical basis for cultivation work for Sparganium stoloniferum.Finally we found that Sparganium stoloniferum has a wide distribution,the vast majority born in the fertile soil,adequate water supplies,or next to the river,in perennial water ditch pools or swamps.They have excellent tolerance of cold and hot,prefer warm and humid climate,environment of sun and low humidity is more suitable for their growth.Temperature of 25?,the rich soil of weak alkaline and contains corrosion,appropriate water eutrophication is also beneficial to its growth.?2?Sparganium stoloniferum dynamic growth information researches.By observing phenological period and researching the relationship between plant height and growth,use the logistic equation to fit the growth and development situation on the ground of Sparganium stoloniferum.The results showed that the growth and development stage mainly divide into five stages:seedling stage?vegetative growth stage?the flowering period?withered and yellow,etc.The ground part plant height is closely related to the growth and development of Sparganium stoloniferum:the seed grow accelerately in one month after blading out of the water,and the turing point of plant height increase is 75 days after blading out of the water.In the meantime,Sparganium stoloniferum is more sensitive to environmental factors such as moisture,temperature,etc.We should strengthen the management of water and fertilizer.According to local climate characteristics to keep Sparganium stoloniferum in vegetative period to avoid the local high temperature weather.?3?Sparganium stoloniferum photosynthetic and physiological researches.By comparing the diurnal change of photosynthesis?light response curve?the chlorophyll characteristics of different strains of Sparganium stoloniferum to evaluate the photosynthetic capacity and environmental adaptation ability.Under natural conditions,photosynthetic active radiation,leaf temperature show unimodal curve,reach the peak at about 12:00.Leaf daily net photo synthetic rate variation show bimodal curve,and has significant correlation with stomatal conductance,"Noon break" phenomenon is obvious.Sparganium stoloniferum belongs to sun plants:Light compensation point?LCP?is 24 ?mol·m-2·s-1 and light saturation point?LSP?is 492?mol·m-2·s-1.Sparganium stoloniferum from different regions daily photosynthetic rate change trend is consistently.Taken together,Sparganium stoloniferum from Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Henan,Anhui region,the photosynthetic rate is higher,have a better environmental adaptability.?4?Sparganium stoloniferum drought resistance researches.Under drought stress simulated by PEG-6000 with different concentrations and processing time,the dynamic changes of physiological and biochemical indexes were tested to provide the academic basis,drought tolerance mechanism and resistance breeding of Sparganiurm stolonferum were tested.The result showed that with the increase of PEG-6000 concentration,the RWC decreases,contents of MDA and free proline basically increase gradually,contents of soluble protein increases later after decreases at the beginning,SOD and POD activities increase firstly and then decline.All the varieties have drought resistance,but Sparganium stoloniferum from Jiangsu and Zhejiang are stronger to the drought stress.?5?Sparganium stoloniferum correlative chemical components researches.The contents of ferulic acid and rutin from different developmental stages and different produce regiongs were determined by HPLC to study the contents of ferulic in Sparganium stoloniferum from different growing periods to determine the optimal collecting time.The result showed that the dynamics of ferulic acid accumulation showe regular changes,conent of ferulic acid ascends in May to June,then descends in first July and to the minimize in mid to late August.Mid to late September,the content increase,and rise steadily in October to December,later begin to reduce.Comprehensive consideration,the ferulic acid content is higher in October to December,which is the traditional harvest time in the process of actual production.ferulic acid and rutin content in Sparganium stoloniferum from different regions have obvious difference.Ferulic acid content in Jiangsu Nanjing Pukou is the highest,followed by the Zhejiang Dongyang,Nanjing cultivars,Anhui Chaohu,Jurong has the lowest content.But Jurong rutin content is higher,after Yueyang region,have certain complementary to some extent.The content differences may be related to the region ecological environment,such as climate,soil,etc.?6?Sparganium stoloniferum breeding research.Using sexual hybridization and tissue culture to breed eminent varieties of Sparganium stoloniferum.First we studied the pollen viability,stigma receptivity and pollen storage of Sparganium stoloniferum.Germination in vitro is suitable for the determination of pollen germination,the optimal medium was 10%sucrose +1%agar+0.03%MgSO4·7H2O+0.01%Ca?NO3?2·3H2O;the stigma receptivity is highest 3 days after flowering;short-term pollen storage at 4 ? is the most suitable while the long-term pollen storage is at-70 ?.Selecting Zhejiang?Dongyang as male parent,Nanjing wilds as female parent for cross breeding,finally we got 18 hybrid seeds of 2 kinds.Through chemical methods such as colchicine inducement,we got polyploid of Sparganium stoloniferum with 0.2%colchicine liquid medium processing 8 days.?7?Sparganium stoloniferum eminent strains evaluation and screening research.SL01 is a eminent strain selected through hybrid seeds and seedling those got in early experiment by multi-index evaluation,SL15 is selected from the tetraploid seedlings.By using the method of ISSR-PCR,the genetic diversity of Sparganium stoloniferum was analyzed in the DNA level.The results of this paper will provide primary bases for strains breeding of Spairganium stoloniferum in Jiangsu province. |
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