Genetic Variation And Association Mapping Analysis Of Seed Yield And Its Related Agronomy Traits Of Soybean Varieties From Northern Heilongjiang Province

Soybean,the major grain and economic crops in our country and even the world,has been regarded to be an important source of fat,protein and raw material in food,feed and other processing raw materials.In recent years,the soybean area has decreased a lot,but the demand for it is increasing rapidly.The contradiction between supply and demand is becoming more and more serious.Heilongjiang is also facing the same problem of the drop of the growing area and the yield,which is the main growing areas with the yield and the planting area accounting for 1/3 of the total in the country.There is little possibility to improve the total yield through increasing the lands.It is of the top concern about the improvement of the per unit yield.The traits are quantitative,controlled not only by its own genotype,but influenced greatly by the external environment,which makes the phenotypic selection efficiency low and the genetic improvement limited relatively.The development of biotechnology makes the genetic improvement possible at the molecular level.The research was conducted in Shofine in Wudalianci by using 360 soybean varieties from Heilongjiang,Jilin,Liaoning and Inner Mongolia.1、The the phenotypic analysis was done by focusing five traits(yield,plant height,100 seed weight per plant,pod,node number)in 240 normal varieties.2、Genetic structure analysis was done on the 240 varieties.3、The regression analysis was carried out on the marked variation by using 121 SV markers combined with the 5-trait phenotypic data.The result goes as follows.(1)Through of the analysis of five traits including yield、plant height、hundred grain weight、main stem section and pod in 240 spring soybean of Northest,the results show:different material has widly genetic variation in different character.The variation range of yield is 265.25-2224.51kg/hm2,the variation of plant height is 48.13-100.05cm,the variation of hundred grain weight is 4.95-22.95g、the variation of main stem section is 9.58-17.33,the variation of pod is 11.05-52.03.Through to devided material into 4 groups 19 varieties,selected on the basis of production greater than 1600kg/hm2 standard with other traits before 19 compares,find P214 varieties can be found not only the highest yield,the main stem section 17.05,the pod 43.48,also achieve greater value,P153 varieties yield of 1949.76kg/hm2,the number of main stem section 16.55,the pod 43.5,also achieve greater value,other varieties of P054、P126、P133、P153、P176 yield reached a higher level,the pod main stem section and hundred weight traits also reached a higher level.(2)The application of the STRUCTURE software and the Evanno’s method helps to determine the suitable subsets number to be 4,based on the mathematical model of the taxa.(3)The features found the 44 loci in 4 traits and the yield were obtained in P<0.05.There are 16 sites associated with 100 grain weight,7 sites with single plant pod,6 sites with node number and 4 sites with the yield.The explanation rate is not high and the highest is associated with the Gm14sv316 loci with the rate accounting for 5.5%.To speak of,5 loci is associated with 2-3 traits.