The Effect Of Maternal Diet Supplement With High Fiber And Sodium Butyrate During Gestation And Lactation On Longissimus Muscle Characteristic Of Piglet

Maternal nutrition can affect the growth and metabolism of offspring,the ability of adapting to the external environment and the resistance to disease.Previous studies have shown that crude fiber diets and sodium butyrate diets can improve the health of the mother and weaned piglets including increasing the fat content in milk,inproving the conposition of milk and the intestinal microflora of weaning offspring,and promoting progeny growth.Skeletal muscle accounted for 50%of body weight,but the report about the effect of maternal supplement high fiber and sodium butyrate during the pregnancy and lactation period on offspring characteristics of skeletal muscle fiber are less.The present study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal diet supplementation with high fiber and sodium butyrate during gestation and lactation period on the skeletal muscle characteristics of newborn and weaning piglets.1 The effect of maternal diet supplemented with crude fiber and sodium butyrate on apparent indexes in skeletal muscle of pigletsSelected 85 purebred Yorkshire sows were randomly divided into three groups,the control group,5%crude fiber group and 0.1%sodium butyrate group.Crude fiber group sows during pregnancy and lactation were fed with equal energy but different fiber content of feeds compared with control group sows.Once artificial inseminated,sows were treated with dietary for a week until piglets weaning stop.Newborn and weaned piglets(21 days)were killed and longissimus muscle samples were collected,respectively.The weight of piglets and muscle was recorded.By radioimmunoassay,serum levels of IGF-1 were analyzed;Through HE staining,fiber cross-sectional area of longissimus muscle was analyzed in newborn and weaning stage;Also RNA,DNA content of longissimus muscle was detected.These results showed that sows diets during pregnancy and lactation supplemented with 0.1%sodium butyrate significantly increased the body weight of newborn(P<0.05).In the weaned stage,the body weight of offspring was significantly increased both in 5%crude fiber group and in 0.1%sodium butyrate group(P<0.01).The content of IGF1 in serum had not significant difference in newborn and weaning stage.The weight of longissimus muscle did not significantly change in the weaned or newborn piglets.Colpared to the control group,DNA content of newborn piglets in the high-fiber group was significantly increased(P<0.05),while RNA content of weaned piglets was significantly reduced(P<0.05)Muscle fiber cross-sectional area and muscle fiber diameter both in high-fiber group and in sodium butyrate group were significantly lower than those in the control group at weaning stage(P<0.05)while the number of muscle cells in a single bundle was significantly higher in the control group(P<0.05).These results suggested that maternal crude fiber and sodium butyrate diets may have an important impact on the skeletal muscle growth of offspring.2 Pregnant sows feeding crude fiber and dietary sodium butyrate diets influence fiber types and MSTN,mTOR pathway in longissimus muscle of piglets.We used Real-time PCR and western blot to detect muscle fiber type and genes or proteins experssion(MSTN,MyoD,Myf5,Myogenin,mTOR,MYHC)related to Luscle development.It was found that during pregnancy and lactation sows fed 5%crude fiber and 0.1%sodium butyrate diet did not change mRNA and protein expression of MyHC in skeletal muscle of newborn piglets.In the weaning offspring,high-fiber group significantly increased the protein level of MyHC ? type(P<0.05),significantly reduced the mRNA expression of intermediate MyHC ?x(P<0.05)and the protein level of MyHC type ? did not change which indicated that crude fiber diets had an impact on progeny muscle fiber differentiation.The protein expression of PGC-1? did not change in newborn piglets,however,it was significantly higher in high fiber group than in the control group(P<0.05)in skeletal muscle of weaning piglets.In the nascent stage,the protein expression of mTOR was significantly higher in sodium butyrate group(P<0.05),while it was no changes in 5%crude fiber group during the newborn and weaning period.The protein expression of total EIF2 and the phosphorylation of EIF2 did not changed in skeletal muscle of newborn and weaned piglets.During pregnancy and lactation,sows fed 5%crude fiber or 0.1%sodium butyrate diet did not change the 1RNA and protein expressions of MYOD,MYOG,MSTN in longissimus muscle of newborn piglets.In 5%crude fiber group,the protein levels of MYOD and MSTN significantly lower than in control group(P<0.05);the level of MSTN was significantly lower in sodium butyrate group.Compared with control group,mRNA expression of MYF5 was significantly increased in sodium butyrate group,while the protein levels had no change.These results indicated that the sows during pregnancy and lactation fed 5%crude fiber diet had an important effect on the offspring skeletal muscle fiber types,while maternal diets treated with two kinds of diets did not produce a significant effect on the growth in skeletal muscle of offspring.