Effects Of Reduced Fertilization On Growth And Physiological Characteristics Of Banana

In this experiment,four fertilization treatments were used for the perennial offsets of the second generation of Brazil banana,and CK could be regarded as the amount of fertilizer applied per plant per year(N:300 g,P2Os:150 g,K20:600 g),A(N:200 g,P205:100 g,K20:400 g),B(N:150 g,P205:75 g,K2O:300 g),C(N:100 g,P2O5:50 g,K2O:200 g),The effects of different fertilization on the growth and physiological characteristics of banana were studied.The results were as follows:1.Positive correlations could be found in banana plants which were in growing season among cauloid height,stem diameter,growth of new leaves,and fertilizing amount.The growth and development of bananas will slow down with the fertilizing amount reduce.However,when the plants were grown to the time of budding,The gap of agronomic traits values under the reduced fertilization was very small,which indicated that the fertilization had little effect on the agronomic traits of the plants.The growth and development of the buds of the plants were positively correlated with the amount of applied fertilizer,the physiological development of the plants in early period could lay a good foundation for the development of banana buds,accelerate the blossom and growth indirectly.2.The contents of N,P,K and soluble sugar in the leaves of banana plants were positively correlated with the amount of applied fertilizer.The nutrient metabolism of CK was the best,but the N,P,K,Soluble sugar content were maintained at normal levels in the leaves of plants in every period,no sympton emerged in plants due to the excessive or missing elements,indicating that effect on nutrients of the reduction of fertilization was quite little.3.The nitrate reductase activity in the leaves of the plant was positively correlated with the amount of applied fertilizer.In May?June?August,the reducing range in nitrate reductase activity of A,B and C treatments,compared with CK treatment,were 2.6%to 18.5%.The treatments of A was higher than CK by an increase of 4.4%,C and B treatment was lessen than those of CK treatment by 5.6%,19.7%;The activity of glutamine synthetase and acid phosphatase in the leaves of the plants barely related to the fertilizing amount.The activity of acid phosphatase in the roots of the plants barely related to the fertilizing amount,However,the activity increased with the increase of phosphorus stress.4.In the condition of reduced fertilization,the reducing range in processing of N and K contents of A,B and C treatments,compared with CK treatment,were 1%to 8.9%and 3.2%to 6.9%respectively.The treatments of C and A were higher than those of CK by an increase of 11.4%,7.5%,B treatment was lessen than CK treatment by 6.3%.5.The quality of banana fruit has a positive correlation with the amount of fertilizer applied.the reducing range in processing of soluble sugar and vitamin C of A,B and C treatments,compared with CK treatment,were 1.32%to 18.1%and 3.2%to 10.1%respectively.In the fruit soluble protein content,A treatment increased by 1.3%compared with CK treatment,the ratio of B,C treatment decreased by 24.3%,35.1%respectively than CK treatment.6.The results showed by the yield of plant biology in the harvest is as follow:CK>A>B>C,A,B and C was lower than that of CK treatment by the range of 0.1%to 5.4%.The comparison result of net weight of fruit under different treatments was A>B>CK>C,A,B treatment increased by 10.1%and 0.1%respectively compared with CK treatment,and C treatment decreased by 3.5%compared with CK treatment.The economic yield of A and B treatments was better than that of CK treated plants.The result showed by the experiments is that the reduced fertilization is feasible.