Study On The Intelligent Irrigation System For Rice In Cold Region Based On ZigBee Wireless Sensor Networks

Agriculture,as the most widely distributed area in the national economy,has the most complex business and is affected by natural conditions and social and economic factors.This has a huge demand for water resources,facing the increasingly shortage of water resources,the survival of mankind and the sustainable development of society have brought tremendous pressure.China is a country in the high production of rice,in order to pursue the high yield crop in the rice planting process,excessive irrigation on farmland caused a huge waste of water resources.The efficient use of agricultural inputs,saving water resources and improve the quality of rice has become an urgent demand to develop rice industry.Therefore,modern agriculture development direction is to change the current mode of production of rice irrigation,and develop intelligent irrigation technology,use water resources efficiently,reduce resources inputs and improve agricultural profits.This design used ZigBee technology to build a wireless sensor network,combined with MCU control technology,RDI theory and fuzzy control theory to complete the design of intelligent irrigation system of rice in cold area.According to the physiological characteristics of rice in cold region,the system could accomplish automatic irrigation timely and appropriately.The ZigBee communication platform,MCU central controller and irrigation equipment constituted the design of intelligent irrigation system of rice in cold area.Analysis and design from two aspects of hardware and software.The hardware design was mainly on the selection of components and design of related circuit,including the selection of MCU,wireless sensor module,soil moisture sensor,air temperature and humidity sensor,light intensity sensor,wind sensor and intermediate relay device;design and debugging of circuit board of irrigation system;design of simulation hardware platform.The software design includes two parts,the wireless communication part and the MCU part,Selected Z-Stack protocol stack to develop and debug in IAR Embedded Workbench platform;used Keil UV4 as MCU program development platform,The running program of MCU was designed by polling,after identify the node type for the custom address,it access subroutine.Analysis and comparison of various irrigation model,based on the theory of regulated deficit irrigation,the principle of fuzzy control and the communication characteristics of ZigBee wireless sensor network,the intelligent irrigation strategy of rice in cold region was designed by two modules.The intelligent irrigation decision was composed of two parts: fuzzy control irrigation and predictive irrigation.In the fuzzy irrigation module,the growth characteristics of rice in cold region were analyzed by regulated deficit irrigation theory,and the water requirement at different growth stages was determined,used the soil moisture deviation and the temperature as the input of fuzzy controller.In the predictive irrigation module,establishing soil water loss model based on environmental parameters,design predictive irrigation mechanism,before the irrigation time come,each node in a dormant state,save energy and prolong the service life.After repeated performance test on the intelligent irrigation system of rice in cold area,the wireless sensor network was stable and reliable,completed the task of transmitting data in real time;each sensor was tested properly,the measurement accuracy was within the scope of the design requirements;the system was stable,and could be used in accordance with the design requirements,it greatly improved the efficiency of irrigation of rice in cold region,reduced the cost of investment,saved water resources,had an important significance for the development of precision agriculture.