| In recent years,with the continuous development in oriental melon industry,it takes serious threat to the quality and safety of production that it has became the restricting factors of oriental melon yield and quality improvement what integrated pest control and too much emphasis on the use of pesticides,large dose and repeated medication.But reasonable intercropping could effectively improve the yield and quality of crops,reduce the input of fertilizer and improve the nutrition condition of rhizosphere.In this study,oriental melon monoculture,fennel/oriental melon,tillered-onion/oriental melon,and wormwood/oriental melon intercropping as the background,to research that effect of different oriental melon intercropping on nutrient uptake,soil enzyme activity,soil nutrient and soil microbial diversity and other factors,to choice a crops combination that make the advantage for oriental melon.The results of the study as follows:1.Intercropping promoted the growth and development of oriental melon.Especially the fennel/oriental melon intercropping oriental melon plant height and stem diameter are significantly higher than monoculture,the yield increased by 5%compared with monocropping,and tillered-onion/oriental melon,wormwood/oriental melon intercropping yield are lower.At the same time,fennel/oriental melon intercropping oriental melon fruit vitamin C contents,soluble solids contents,fructose contents,glucose contents was significantly higher than monoculture,and the fructose contents was significantly higher than monoculture increased 14%;tillered-onion/oriental melon intercropping oriental melon fruit vitamin C contents,soluble solids contents was significantly higher than monoculture:wormwood/oriental melon intercropping pulp thickness,soluble solids contents was significantly higher than monoculture,while fructose,glucose,sucrose contents was lower than monoculture,and decreased 8%,16%,15%.Therefore,it can be seen that the growth of the oriental melon,the yield and the quality of the oriental melon are promoted by the intercropping of fennel and oriental melon.2.Intercropping could promote the absorption and utilization of the mineral nutrients.Especially the fennel/oriental melon intercropped oriental melon root activity was significantly higher than that of monoculture,and in the fruits spreading growth stage increased by 20%,while the tillered-onion/oriental melon,wormwood/oriental melon intercropping the root activity compared with monoculture showed no significant difference.The three kinds of intercropping cultivation mode in rhizosphere soil of oriental melon nutrients are higher than that of monoculture,the fennel/oriental melon intercropping soil organic matter in the fruit enlargement period increased 34%significantly compared with monoculture,tillered-onion/oriental melon,wormwood/oriental melon intercropping and monoculture differences are not significant.Fennel/oriental melon intercropping content of oriental melon in N,K,Ca,Mg was significantly higher than monoculture.Therefore,fennel/oriental melon intercropping is more conducive to the absorption of mineral nutrients in the plant.3.The soil enzyme activities in the rhizosphere soil of oriental melon are increased by intercropping cultivation methods.Especially the fennel/oriental melon intercropping,fennel/oriental melon intercropping on rhizosphere soil urease activity,soil invertase activity and soil catalase activity increased in each period of oriental melon,the soil invertase activity,urease activity are significantly higher than monoculture.Tillered-onion/oriental melon,wormwood/oriental melon intercropping stretch tendril stage,fruits setting stage,soil urease activity and soil catalase activity in the rhizosphere soil of oriental melon are higher than monoculture,but in oriental melon growth late stage are significantly lower than monoculture,the soil invertase activity in fruits maturing stage compared with monoculture decrease by 30%,10%.It can be seen that fennel/oriental melon intercropping can better promote the rhizosphere soil enzyme activities.4.Intercropping improved the microbial community functional diversity in the rhizosphere of oriental melon.Fennel/oriental melon intercropping,stretch tendril stage,fruits spreading growth stage and fruits maturing stage significantly increased the number of soil bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes in the rhizosphere soil of oriental melon,the number of tillering tillered-onion/oriental melon intercropping oriental melon soil bacterial is significantly higher than that of monoculture,wormwood/oriental melon intercropping increased the number of soil actinomycetes of oriental melon.Through the analysis of the rhizosphere soil microbial community diversity,fennel/oriental melon intercropping in each period of AWCD are higher than monoculture,tillered-onion/oriental melon,wormwood/oriental melon intercropping except fruits setting stage,AWCD value is lower than monoculture in the growth period of other,that fennel/oriental melon intercropping cultivation makes oriental melon rhizosphere soil microbial carbon utilization ability of soil is higher than monoculture.Also,fennel/oriental melon intercropping rhizosphere soil microbial cultivation of oriental melon using carbon source richness index(S),species richness index(H),dominance index(D)are also higher than monoculture,tillered-onion/oriental melon,wormwood/oriental melon intercropping cultivation of oriental melon in rhizosphere soil microbial community diversity compared with monoculture those index showed no significant difference.At the same time through the principal component analysis showed that compared with monoculture,soil microbial fennel/oriental melon intercropping is more significant on carbon utilization ability of diversity.In summary,the reasonable intercropping of oriental melon can promote the absorption of mineral nutrition,improve the quality of oriental melon,increase soil nutrient content in rhizosphere of oriental melon,improve soil enzyme activity,improve the diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial community function,which can improve the yield of oriental melon.Among them,the intercropping pattern of fennel/oriental melon showed obvious intercropping advantage. |
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