| The dry roots of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)var.mongholicus(Bunge)P.K.Hsiao(A.mongholicus)and Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bunge(A.membranaceus)which is legume Astragalus,perennial herbaceous plants,are commonly used in Chinese traditional herb,and the demand is large.At present,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Shanxi Province and Gansu Province are the main producing areas of Astragalus membranaceus which is arid and semi-arid areas in northern China.The variety in quality of Astragalus membranaceus is mainly depend on genetic and environmental factors.In order to understand the relationship between active ingredients and ecological factors of Astragalus membranaceus,2-year-old A.mongholicus root and soil samples from different habitats were collected.At the same time,we collected average annual temperature,activity accumulated temperature,annual precipitation,annual sunshine time and so on,which observed the average of 30 years from 1981 to 2010.What's more,the active constituents of A.mongholicus and soil nutrient content were determined,and the relationship between active ingredients and ecological factors of Astragalus membranaceus were evaluated.In addition,the effects of water stress on the physiological status of Astragalus membranaceus and the content of flavonoids(calycosin-7-O-?-D-glucoside,calycosin,ononin,formononetin)in roots,stems and leaves were studied by pot experiment.The results show that:1.The contents of calycosin-7-O-?-glucoside,ononin,calycosin,astragaloside?,astragaloside ? and astragaloside ? were different,and the content of calycosin-7-O-?-D-glucoside and astragaloside ? was higher than that of the"People's Republic of China Pharmacopoeia" provisions of the target content.Comprehensive comparison found that Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Fengzhen County,Wuchuan County,Guyang County and Shanxi Province Hunyuan County Mongolian Astragalus have better quality.2.Through the study of the correlation between the active ingredient and the climatic factors,it is found that annual precipitation,annual sunshine hours,annual mean temperature and latitude have effect on the accumulation of active ingredients of A.mongholicus.The content of flavonoids was negatively correlated with annual precipitation and annual average temperature,which was positively correlated with annual sunshine hours and latitudes.The average temperature and activity accumulated temperature of saponin were negatively correlated with annual precipitation.3.The active constituents of A.mongholicus were negatively correlated with organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen and available phosphorus in soil nutrients,but positively correlated with available potassium,pH and soluble salt content,suggesting that we should pay attention to control Nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer application to improve the efficacy of quality of A.mongholicus.4.The accumulation of calycosin-7-O-?-D-glucoside and calycosin of A.membranaceus and A.mongolicus seedling was different,which The accumulation of calycosin-7-O-?-D-glucoside in the stems and leaves was higher than that of the roots in A.membranaceus,but it was no significant difference in the roots,stems and leaves of A.mongolicus.The content of calycosin-7-O-?-D-glucoside in different organs was roots>leaves>stems and the content of calycosin was the leaves>stems>roots in the 3-year-old A.mongolicus.This may be caused by the regulation of related genes in the metabolism and the transport of flavonoids.In addition,the content of flavonoids in stem and leaf was higher,which provided the theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bunge.5.Appropriate drought stress can promote the accumulation of calycosin-7-O-?-D-glucoside,but over drought stress is not conducive to the accumulation of Astragalus membranaceus.In addition,A.mongolicus is more adaptable to drought than A.membranaceus,more suitable for planting in arid and semi-arid areas of China. |
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