Effects Of Covering On Root Morphology And Physiology Of Apple In Drylan Dryland

Covering is an important measure of agricultural management of agricultural prod uction,has become widely used in many countries and regions,soil management and control technology.In this study,we studied the morphological characteristics of root s ystem,the vertical and horizontal distribution of root system,and discussed the effects of different coverage measures on the effects of different coverage measures under di fferent coverage measures.The results showed that the physiological characteristics of apple root in dwarfing ducks under different coverage measures were analyzed,which provided the basis for further investigation on the mechanism of improving the utilizat ion rate of apple fertilizer and water.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)From the vertical direction,in the spring tip of the cloth cover and straw cov er can improve the root of the biomass,root length density and root surface area den sity.Covering the performance of performance: straw cover> cloth cover.The effect of covering the cloth varies depending on the variety.The coverage effect is mainly refl ected in the 0-30 cm soil layer,and the root system of 0-1mm and 1-2mm diameter is the most significant.At the time of autumn shoots,the biomass,root length and root surface area density of the root cover were as follows: straw mulch> ground cover>plowing treatment.The cover is mainly affected by the 0-1mm and 2-5mm diameter r oots between 0-20 cm soil layers.At maturity,biomass,root density and root surface a rea density were expressed in different treatments,with the largest plowing and overly ing,with the smallest straw cover.The inhibition of root system was mainly from 0-10 cm and 30-80 cm soil layers,which had the greatest influence on 0-1mm and 2-5mm diameter.(2)From the horizontal point of view,in the spring tip,the cloth cover on the root length density and root surface area density is mainly reflected in the trunk from0-40 cm.The late-maturing fabrics increased by 12.10% and 9.23%,respectively,in ro ot length density.In the root surface area density increased by 16.10% and 23.67%.S traw mulching increased the root length density and root surface area density at differ ent distances from the trunk.At the autumn stage,the straw mulching increased by 95.18% and 47.10%,respectively,in root length and root surface area density.In the cooked cloth were increased by 68.99% and 19.56%.Compared with the dredging proc ess,the difference is very obvious from 0-40 cm to the trunk,and the root of 0-1mm and 1-2mm diameter is significant in the same soil.At the maturity stage,the covera ge had the greatest influence on the root system from 0-20 cm to the trunk,mainly a s follows: plowing treatment> straw cover> straw mulching,had a great influence on the root of 0-1mm and 2-5mm diameter The difference was not significant.(3)In the aspect of root vigor,the root activity of the late-maturing cloth was in creased by 23.8% and the straw coverage was 9.37% higher than that of the fresh-till age treatment.The root cover activity of 0-30 cm soil layer was improved by covering the treatment group,and the root activity of 0-20 cm soil layer was improved by stra w treatment.(4)There was no difference between the total shoot area and the active absorptio n area of the root system,and there was no difference in the spring and autumn shoo ts compared with the fresh-And the difference was significant.The total area of stra w mulching in the spring and autumn shoots increased by 16.7% and 15.25%,respecti vely.Active absorption area increased by 77.9% and 123.6% respectively.There was n o significant difference in maturation.The effect of covering on root absorption area a nd active absorption area is mainly between 20-80 cm soil layer.(5)In the case of nitrate reductase,the treatment group showed that the nitrate re ductase activity was improved in the shoots and ripening stages,,8.49% and 64.9%,respectively,and the effect of late maturing varieties was not significant.There was n o significant difference in the activity of nitrate reductase for straw reductase during t he three growth stages.The effect of coverage on the nitrate reductase activity was m ainly in the roots between 20-60 cm soil layers.