Research And Analysis Of The Candidate Gene MC1R,AGOUTI,TYR,TYRP1 And MLPH Of Rabbits' Color

Genetic genes,controlling the formation and the type of the color of pigment,determine the color of the mammals;and more than one gene decides the color of different species of mammals.These genes not only affect the formation of color after mutation,but also control the generation of color through interaction.Therefore,it's of vital importance to find the major gene,which controls the color of rabbits,for the purification of them;specifically,five candidate genes related to the color of rabbit fur are included,which refer to MC1 R,AGOUTI,TYR,TYRP1 and MLPH.In this study,1148 experimental rabbits are chosen including 749 meat rabbits selected and cultivated by Qingdao Kangda Ltd and Shandong Agricultural University,and 399 Angora selected and cultivated by Mengyin Yida Ltd and Shandong Agricultural University.These rabbits,according to color,are divided into yellow,black,linen,white,blue and eight black when sampling.Firstly,mix pool sequencing is conducted by means of DNAMAN software and chromas software,in order to find each color's SNPs loci of coding area of its candidate genes;then 20 samples of each color's SNPs loci are chosen individually for amplification sequencing,which means to verify the SNP loci,count the genotype and genotype frequency,and filter the major gene controlling each color.MC1R gene: this study finds four mutations:(1)317?346 ins30,(2)346 G?A,(3)568T?C,(4)292-297del6.Furthermore,the existence of the four mutations is different,which can be presented as follows: no mutation is found among yellow rabbits;complex and varied mutations are existed among black,linen,white,blue and eight black rabbits.Hence,single MC1 R gene can't decide what kind of color rabbits are.AGOUTI gene: this study finds that there's no SNPs loci in exon 1,3,4 of rabbits' AGOUTI gene;however,two SNPs locus are found in exon 2,compromising(5)294G?A,(6)315G?A,which are closely linked and exist only among yellow,linen and blue rabbits.To be specific,EEFF genotype is the dominant type of yellow and linen rabbits,whose frequency are individually 0.95,0.85;moreover,EeFF genotype is the dominant type of blue rabbits,whose frequency is 0.8.TYR gene: this study finds four mutations respectively:(7)210G?A,(8)176G?C,(9)197A?C,(10)240A?C;specifically,mutation 7 is in exon 1,mutation 8 and 9 are in exon2,and mutation 10 is in exon 3.Moreover,mutation 7 and 8 are of little significance for this study,for whose dominant genotype frequency is relatively low and plays little role in thecolor of rabbits' fur.Mutation 9 exists only in eight black rabbits,whose dominant genotype is II,and frequency is 1.In other word,mutation 9 can be regarded as the selection marker of eight black rabbits.In mutation 10,JJ genotype can be seen as the dominant genotype of yellow and eight black rabbits;Jj genotype can be regarded as the dominant one of black and blue rabbits;and jj genotype can be looked as the dominant one of linen and white rabbits;all the frequency is 1.TYRP1 gene: this study finds three mutations:(11)73C?T,(12)155Tdel,(13)158T?A.Mutation 12 and 13 are closely related,which are found in yellow rabbits.What's more,MMNN genotype can be seen as the dominant genotype,whose frequency is 1.Considering the situation that no mutation 12 and 13 is found in other rabbits,we can conclude that these two mutations are closely relevant to yellow color of rabbits' fur.Moreover,mutation 11 is of little significance for this study,for whose dominant genotype frequency is relatively low and plays little role in the color of rabbits' fur.MLPH gene: this study finds two mutations:(14)206T?C and(15)208C?T.The research result suggests that wider varieties of mutation 14 and 15 are found among each kind of rabbits;therefore,there exists no characteristic mutation.Hence,it can be concluded that single MLPH gene makes little sense to the color of rabbits' fur.This study conducts amplification sequencing for the coding area of five candidate genes affecting rabbits' color,and analyzes the relationship between genes and color.Analyzing comparatively the SNP loci of each kind of rabbits,together with the research methods of molecular biology,this study speculates the mainly controlling gene and its genotype,which can be suggested respectively as follows: TYRP1 gene ban be seen as the mainly controlling gene of yellow rabbits,whose genotype is MM;AGOUTI and TYR gene ban be seen as the mainly controlling gene of black rabbits,whose genotype is eeJj;AGOUTI and TYR gene ban be seen as the mainly controlling gene of linen rabbits,whose genotype is EEjj;AGOUTI and TYR gene ban be seen as the mainly controlling gene of white rabbits,whose genotype is eejj;AGOUTI and TYR gene ban be seen as the mainly controlling gene of blue rabbits,whose genotype is EeJj;TYR gene ban be seen as the mainly controlling gene of eight black rabbits,whose genotype is II.All the six genotype can be expected to be molecular markers for the purification of rabbits' fur,but it's of great necessity to expand the samples to verify the results in actual application;besides,molecule expression remains to be further researched.