Evaluation Analysis Of Winter Wheat Growing Development And Soil Moisture Under Plastic Mulching Based On Field Experiment And Aquacrop Model

Mulching cultivation can improve soil hydrothermal condition effectively,promote crop growth,increase crop yield and water use efficiency,has become an important cultivation technique of dryland agriculture,dry area in our country has been widely used.This experiment was conducted at water-saving irrigation station of Northwest A&F University in2013-2016 with different mulching treatments,in the experiments,four treatments,comparative study of flat plot with straw mulching(SM),flat plot with plastic film mulching(PM),ridge-furrow planting with transparent film mulching over ridge and corn straw mulching over furrow(SPM)and a control treatment of planting without mulching(CK)four coverage modes of soil temperature,water content,crop growth,yields and water use efficiency of influence.AquaCrop model is verified using the field experimental data of calibration in the applicability in the guanzhong region of shaanxi province.The main conclusions were as follows by analyzing :(1)The variation trend of soil water storage and rainfall are basically the same,Mulching cultivation with soil good moisture conservation,can improve the 0-260 cm soil moisture content significantly.The average soil water storage of SM,PM and SPM increased by 13.6%,8.2% and 8.7% than CK treatment respectively.After the typical rainfall with different mulching treatments on soil moisture content is found that the influence of rainfall is large,deep soil moisture content increased,less rainfall increase the surface soil moisture content in the soil,deep soil moisture content is less affected.When the rainfall was 42.4mm,the soil moisture content of CK,SM,PM and SPM increased by 1.5%,1.6%,0.6% and 3.8%,in the 15 cm soil layer respectively.the soil moisture content of CK,SM,PM and SPM increased by 2%,2.9%,1% and 4.8% in the 30 cm soil layer respectively.Therefore,,SPM can collect rainfall well.(2)The influence of different mulching treatments on the soil temperature in accord.comparative study of flat plot with straw mulching(SM),flat plot with plastic film mulching(PM)and ridge-furrow planting with transparent film mulching over ridge and corn straw mulching over furrow(SPM)(at the beginning of the winter wheat growth,such as the seedling stage,wintering stage)can increase soil temperature,when the air temperature ishigh that mulching treatments can reduce the soil temperature.The effect of different mulching treatments on the growth stage of winter wheat was cooling.In the later growth stage of winter wheat,SM,PM and SPM treatment of soil temperature in the 15 cm layer decreased by 2.4 ?,2.1 ? and 1 ?(after April 1st to maturity).The high temperature in the early stage can promote the growth of winter wheat,reduce the mortality rate of wheat seedlings and increase the number of panicles.The late cooling effect is beneficial to avoid the high temperature damage and increase the grain weight in the flowering filling maturity stage.(3)After winter returning green stage,with the increase of air temperature,plant height increased trend significantly,the processing plant height change is smaller after flowering stage.The height of the plant was increased by all mulching treatments significantly,The average height of the 3 year growth period was PM>SPM>SM>CK.different mulching treatments could increased the yield of winter wheat significantly.The average yield of SM,PM and SPM in winter wheat increased by 32.0% and 49.0% and 56.9% than CK treatment in2014-2015 and 2015-2016.in concluded,ridge-furrow planting with transparent film mulching over ridge and corn straw mulching over furrow can obviously improve the farmland soil hydrothermal condition,increase promote the growth of crop,yield and water use efficiency,and it is the most suitable for local mulching cultivation in the experiment.(4)The AquaCrop model was simulated and validated in different mulching treatments of winter wheat using data for three years,according to the measured data of the calibration of model parameters,and simulates the effects of flat plot with plastic film mulching(PM)and a control treatment of planting without mulching(CK)of soil temperature,water content,crop growth,aboveground biomass,yields and water use efficiency of influence,and calculated and analyzed the yield and water use efficiency of Winter Wheat in 2013-2016.The results showed that the AquaCrop model could well simulate the development of winter wheat under plastic mulching managements,it can be used for crop productivity simulation and prediction under plastic mulching managements,which can provide some theoretical basis and data support for the application and development of the model.