| Small black soybeans is a species of the soybean,which has good nutritional qualities,good nutritional qualities and profound development potential.Microbial fertilizer is a kind of new multi-element fertilizer,it can promote plant growth by improving physical and chemical characteristics of soil effectively as well as the resistance of plant.Moreover,microbial fertilizer play a role in assisting and being instead of chemical fertilizer.Small black soybean cultivar ‘Lian Jiatiao’ was taken as the sample with seed dressing of microbial fertilizer — antimicrobial actinomycete under different nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer levels.The influence by microbial fertilizer on agronomic characters,canopy structure,photosynthetic characteristics,soil enzyme activity,accumulation and translocation of dry matter,and the yield of small black soybeans under different nitrogen and phosphorus usage level were discussed in this study and the main conclusions were as follows:(1)Seed dressing of microbial fertilizer can promote main stem pods and branches pods formation under middle level of nitrogen fertilizer(Pure N 12 kg/667m2).And seed dressing of microbial fertilizer can promote root nodules formation significantly under middle level of nitrogen fertilizer(Pure N 12 kg/667m2)and middle level of phosphate fertilizer(Pure P2O5 24kg/667m2).Plant height,stem diameter,node numbers of main stem,branch numbers,pods numbers of small black soybean increased gradually after flowering and remained stable in later period.The number of root nodules increased gradually during flowering period to seeding filling period with plant growth.(2)Seed dressing of microbial fertilizer can promote relative chlorophyll content,the plant green leaf area,leaf area index,and intercepted photosynthetically active radiation(IPAR)increased significantly under middle level of nitrogen fertilizer(Pure N 12kg/667m2).Relative chlorophyll content,the plant green leaf area,leaf area index,intercepted photosynthetically active radiation(IPAR)increased and decreased gradually after reaching the peak when plant senescence.(3)Seed dressing of microbial fertilizer can promote soil sucrase activities increased significantly under high level of phosphate fertilizer(Pure P2O5 36 kg/667m2),and promote soil catalase activities increased significantly under middle level of nitrogen fertilizer(Pure N12 kg/667m2).Soil urease activities,ALK activities,sucrase activities and catalase activitiesincreased during flowering period to pod bearing period,and decreased slightly in maturation period.(4)Seed dressing of microbial fertilizer can promote dry matter accumulation of small black soybean leaves increased significantly and promote dry matter accumulation of seeds increased significantly in later period under middle level of nitrogen fertilizer(Pure N 12kg/667m2),and the dry matter accumulation of seeds increased by 10.49%.Seed dressing of microbial fertilizer can promote dry matter accumulation of leaves increased significantly under each level of phosphate fertilizer,and promote dry matter accumulation of stems increased significantly under low level of phosphate fertilizer(Pure P2O5 12 kg/667m2).Dry matter accumulation of small black soybean leaves and stems increased and decreased gradually after reaching the peak when plant senescence.Dry matter accumulation of seeds increased gradually with plant growth and reached the maximum in maturation period.(5)Seed dressing of microbial fertilizer can promote yield of small black soybean increased significantly under low level of phosphate fertilizer(Pure P2O5 12 kg/667m2),low& middle level of nitrogen fertilizer(Pure N 6,12 kg/667m2).Seed dressing of microbial fertilizer increased yield by 13.83% under low level of phosphate fertilizer(Pure P2O5 12kg/667m2),and increased yield by 14.10%,12.20% under low & middle level of nitrogen fertilizer(Pure N 6,12 kg/667m2).But seed dressing of microbial fertilizer decreased yield under high level of nitrogen fertilizer(Pure N 18 kg/667m2),middle & high level of phosphate fertilizer(Pure P2O5 12,24 kg/667m2).The yield of small black soybean which seed dressing of microbial fertilizer under middle level of nitrogen fertilizer(Pure N 12kg/667m2)was the highest and reached 1840.91kg/hm2,followed by the seed dressing of microbial fertilizer under low level of nitrogen fertilizer(Pure N 6 kg/667m2)with1780.89kg/hm2.In summary,seed dressing of microbial fertilizer has different influence on the growth of small black soybean under different nitrogen and phosphorus usage level.Relatively speaking,seed dressing of microbial fertilizer can promote growth and yield of small black soybean increased significantly under low level of phosphate fertilizer,low and middle level of nitrogen fertilizer.We can conclude that,it is appropriate to reduce the amount of nitrogen and phosphate by using microbial fertilizer seed dressing. |
