Diversity Research Of Soil Animals And The Systematics Of Collembola: Isotomadea In Mudan District

Soil animals can be used as a biological indicator in a certain area's soil environmental quality.Heze city of Shandong province,located in the downstream of Yellow River,is one of the most important area of forestry and crops in China.For giving scientific evidence for this forestry management and food safety production,samples are choosen from this area,in which the biodiversity of the soil animals are studied.Two main methods are used(hand-picking and Tullgren)in collecting and separating soil animals and classifying the Isotomadea spcimens(summer: July August,2014;winter January and February,2015)during the process of study.The biodiversity research of soil animal community in the Mudan District.Five typical samples are selected: Salix forest,Riverside,Farmland and Old courtyard and all of these five samples are investigated by five-spot-sampling method,each with four repeats.As a result,a total number of 6847 soil animal individuals were captured,respectively belong to 7 classes,11 orders.Also three dominant groups were worked out: Ascidae(10.41%),Acaridae(11.83%),Oppiidae(11.41%);Thirteen common groups accounted for 64.73% of the total number,such as Phthiracaridae,Entomobryidae,Tomoceridae,Isotomidae,etc.Four rare groups accounted for 1.62% of the total number,including Sminthuridae,Diplopoda,Hemiptera and Psocoptera.Two most abundant and widespread groups are Mite(2912)and Collembola(2319)in all of the soil animals.The number of soil animals varies in different seasons,namely the numbers in summer is more than that in winter and showing a obvious table cohesion on the vertical distribution.Shannon-Wiener diversity index ordered as: plot 5> plot 3> plot 1> plot 4> plot 2;Pielou evenness index ordered as: plot 1> plot 2> plot 5> plot 4> plot 3;Simpson dominance index ordered as: plot 2> plot 4> plot 3> plot 1> plot 5;Margalef abundance index ordered as: plot 2> plot 1> plot 5> plot 3> plot 4.Taxonomy of Collembola: Isotomadea in Mudan District.The taxonomic research progress,the ecological function,main morphological characteristics and identification methods,research history and prospect of springtails in our country were mainly introduced.According to the key to the morphological characteristics of Isotomidae(Potapow),the collected springtails(2319)were systematic classified,found that Entomobryidae(607),Isotomidae(465)and Tomoceridae(456),furthermore,identified 3 generas,5 species of Isotomidae: Isotoma(I.Decorata,I.Riparia,I.variodentata),Desoria(D.olivacea)and Folsomia(F.Binoculata).The morphological characteristics of the five species were made a detailed description and drew out important morphological characteristics.This part of the research work supply the basic data of the systematics of Isotomadea in Mudan District,and provide a reference for further research.The results shows that the soil animals have higher sensitivity for the change of environmental factors which can be used as a biological indicator of soil environment;The distribution of soil animal individuals' quantity shows obviously seasonal changing,temperature and humidity of soil are the main influencing factors;Also found some differences of diversity characteristics of soil animal community in five plots;The collected Isotomidae insects was the first time to be described by this systematics research of Isotomidae in this region.All of these provide references in the studies of forestry production management and food safety production.