Studies On The Biological Characteristics And Mineral Nutrition Regulation Of Ophiopogon Japonicus (L.f.) Ker-Gawl

The Ophiopogonis radix is a kind of Chinese herbal which can be used to nourish yin and engender liquid,also can be used to moisten the lungs and clear away the heart-fire.O.japonicus which was produced in Zhejiang is often called as "Zhe O.japonicus",and which was produced in Sichuan is often called as "Chuan O.japonicus".On the basis of exploring the biological characteristics of O.japonicus,this paper measured some related physiological and biochemical indexes after addition of NaHSO₃ to O.japonicus.Meanwhile,to the question of long cultivated time and low yield of O.japonicus,another kind of pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of N,P and K compound fertilizer and Cu,Mn and Zn single fertilizer on its growth and quality.Results obtained were as follows.1.The stoma diameter,stoma density and the number of chloroplasts in each mesophyll cell of L.spicata were all more than those of O.japonicus,the chlorophyll and carotenoid?Car?contents were also significantly higher.The light compensation point?LCP?of O.japonicus and L.spicata were all about 11 ?mol·m-2·s-1,but the light saturation point?LSP?of O.japonicus was below 300?mol·m-2·S-1,while the LSP of L.spicata was below 600?mol·m-2·s-1.The apparent quantum rate?AQY?of L.spicata were higher than O.japonicus.The diurnal variation curves of photosynthetic rate of O.japonicus and L.spicata were all bimodal curves,presenting obvious midday-depression of photosynthesis.The photosynthesis siesta was caused mostly by non-stomatal limitation in O.japonicus,while by stomatal limitation in L.spicata.O.japonicus and L.spicata both showed obvious photo inhibition,and it was more serious in O.japonicus than in L.spicata,for O.japonicus had significantly lower Car content.O.japonicus and L.spicata both had leaf morphological microstructure of half-shade-demanding plant,but the adaptability to light circumstance and the photosynthetic capacity of L.spicata were better than O.japonicus.2.Proper concentration treatment of NaHSO₃ lowered the activity of SOD and the content of MDA and NO3-,but highered the activity of POD.NaHSO₃ had good influence on the specific leaf weight and relative water content of O.japonicus,and it also promoted the synthesis of chlorophyll in leaves of O.japonicus and increased the photosynthetic rates.The optimal concentration of NaHSO₃ was 150 ppm,under this treatment O.japonicus accumulated more photosynthetic product and presented more exuberant metabolism.3.The author applied L9?33?orthogonal experiment design to O.japonicus,and found that rationally fertilizer of N,P and K enhanced the photosynthetic capacity and the water content of the O.japonicus,and also improved the biomass allocation of it.Rationally fertilizer of N,P and K had significant effects on the content of active ingredients,absorption of nourishment and Zn/Cu ratio of O.japonicus.4.High N level improved synthesis of chlorophyll in leaves of O.japonicus and increased the photosynthetic rate,meanwhile it enhanced the NO3-content,inhibited synthesis and accumulation of total flavonoids of O.japonicus.High P level improved the soluble sugar content in leaves of O.japonicus.Middle K level increased total flavones significantly while high K level had positive effects on water content and GS activity of O.japonicus.5.The absorption of N,P and K in O.japonicus' leaves and roots was in the following order:N>K>P?The content of N in O.japonicus improved with the N level,and the content of K in O.japonicus also changed with N level besides of K level,high N level had good effects of absorbing and accumulating mineral K..6.Photosynthetic pigments and net photosynthetic rate were enhanced by treating with Cu,Mn and Zn single fertilizer,so did the tatal flavonoids and ruscogenin,0.5 mg·L-1 Cu2+?10.0 mg·L-1 Mn2+ and 2.0 mg·L-1 Zn2+ were optimum.The highest level of micro fertilizer led to highest ratio of Zn/Cu.