Invention And Application Effects Of Shandong Tea Garden Dedicated High Phosphorus Potassium Bacterium Agent

Tea has been introduced into Shandong province since 1950 s.In recent years,chemical fertilizers made a significant contribution to the rapid growth of tea production.However,excessive fertilization has a serious threat to the tea quality safety and agriculture ecological environment safety.To explore agricultural sustainable development road,the national ministry of agriculture developed "double reduction" projects,vigorously promoting the reduction and efficiency of chemical fertilizers,reduction and pest control of pesticides.The application of microbial fertilizer in tea garden can achieve the purpose of reducing chemical fertilizer use in the guarantee of tea production at the same time,thus can improve the environment of tea garden and the quality of tea.In order to solve the problem of the lack of special microbial fertilizer in the northern tea garden,our laboratory has screened some nitrobacteria,ammonifying bacterial and azotobacter strains from the soil of tea garden in Shandong province,and studied their characteristics and inoculation effect.Therefore,this study was to screen high active phosphorus and potassium strains from the soil of tea garden in Shandong province,and study their characteristics.At the same time,we developed a proper efficient microbial agents for tea garden in Shandong province using the strains screened.Then we explored its application effect,providing a scientific basis for the promotion of the agent in Shandong tea area.The main results were as follows:1.The 10 inorganic phosphorus strains were screened from the rhizosphere soil of tea garden.The high activity strain WP2 screened out from 10 strains was identified as Bacillus aryabhattai.Its activity was 4.07 times higher than Bacillus licheniformis.It grew well in the range of pH 5-8 and temperature 15-40?,also had strong adaptability to the environment.It is suitable for WP2 to ferment with sucrose,starch and corn flour as the carbon source,and with peptone,yeast extract and ammonium sulfate as the nitrogen source.2.The 13 organic phosphorus strains were screened from the rhizosphere soil of tea garden.The high activity strain YP8 screened out from 13 strains was identified as Pseudomonas putida.Its activity was 0.57 times higher than Bacillus megatherium.It grew well in the range of pH 5-7 and temperature 15-35?,also had strong adaptability to the environment.It is suitable for YP8 to ferment with sucrose,maltose and starch as the carbon source,and with peptone and yeast extract as the nitrogen source.3.The 11 potassium bacteria were screened from the rhizosphere soil of tea garden.The high activity strain K2 screened out from 11 strains was identified as Bacillus subtilis.Its activity was 2.16 times higher than Bacillus mucilaginosus.It grew well in the range of pH 5-8 and temperature 20-40?,also had strong adaptability to the environment.It is suitable for K2 to ferment with maltose,starch and corn flour as the carbon source,and with yeast extract as the nitrogen source.4.Response surface methodology was used in order to optimize the preparation technology for efficient microbial phosphorus and potassium agent.Three key factors that affect the preparation technology for tea microbial agent were measured by Plackett-Burman design,including ratio of water and carrier(X1)? fermentation temperature(X4)and dry temperature(X7).A Quadratic regression equation model was established according to steepest ascent experiment,central composite design and response surface methodology,which the response value was the effective number of living bacteria in agents.The model predicted that the maximum number of the effective living bacterium was 5.01×1010 and the optimal preparation conditions were as follow: ratio of water and carrier was 1.8,the amount of bacterial inoculum was 12.5% of carrier,the temperature of fermentation and drying were 30? and 41 ? respectively.The effective number of living bacteria in agents that prepared using the above optimization process conditions reached 5.75×1010 which basically consistent with the maximum predicted value by the model.These results suggested that the predicted model was reliable.5.Application of self-made agent and "Danlu","Yuanyi" two commercial agents can improve tea garden soil fertility,tea hundred-bud weight and quality,also can make the tea water extract and amino acid content increase significantly and phenol ammonia ratio lower.The self-made agent has the most significant effect,so has strong applied value in tea garden in Shandong.