The Study On Grassland Community Change Under Different Grazing Patterns In Pastoral Area

Temperate typical steppe gradually extends from semi-arid area to semihumid area,which is one of the largest ecosystem types on land.It is not only the material basis for the survival of the broad masses of grassland in the Mongolian plateau,but also an important barrier to desertification and response to regional climate change in the Mongolian plateau steppe.The herdsmen rely mainly on grazing resources to use pasture resources and whether grazing is reasonable and will directly or indirectly affect the structure and function of typical grassland ecosystems.Therefore,the strengthening of grazing management is the core of pastoral management of pastoral areas.Grazing system as a grazing management system,has been subject to domestic and foreign scholars and government departments in general attention and attention.Therefore,this paper uses the method of combining theoretical research with field investigation to analyze the Mongolian Nalan hematoxylin and the area of the same natural geography background in the northern part of Abbaqiqi,China,using NDVI And the maximum synthesis method was used to dynamically monitor the two hematoxylin NDVI in animal husbandry and the 2016 field field test data.The effects of grassland grazing on the transformation of grassland communities were analyzed.The results are as follows:(1)Mongolian Nalan hematoxylin grazing by non-regional nomadic for the regional nomadic,At present,the main seasonal migration mainly Combined with pasture recreational grazing and seasonal camping grazing,This has led to a sufficient recovery opportunity for grassland vegetation,which reduces the trampling pressure on grazing livestock and fully reflects the proportion of grassland fine forage and the coupling relationship between NDVI and livestock structure diversity.However,due to the increase in the number of livestock in recent years,changes in livestock structure,the reduction of grassland area,resulting in grazing by varying degrees oftrampling and degradation.From 1989 to 2011,the NDVI primary vegetation index was few and did not change much.The area of NDVI was reduced by53.97% between 2011 and 2016.The main species were Leymus chinensis,Stipa krylovii,associated with Carex duriuscula,Stipa grandis P.Smirn.The common species were Leymus chinensis,Stipa krylovii,Agropyron cristatum,Agropyron cristatum,Kochia prostrata,Allium polyrhizum Turcz and so on.There is an increase in annual plants.(2)Inner Mongolia Na Renbao Lage hematoxylin grazing basically by the local(80 years before the Gacha level)nomadic to the ho nature of semisettled(80 to 90 years of grazing haod-level swimming area)nomadic to herders Settled after the mid-1990 s,the fence of the restricted area of the grassland division of the grazing)grazing changes,and even some places into a semi-feed grazing.Now the grazing area of the pastoral fence is divided into the system of grazing,so that the picking time of grazing livestock is longer while the frequency of eating trample increases,the appetite time and the recurrent distance are prolonged and the trampling effect is increased.Due to the smaller scope of the grazing fence,the increase in the number of livestock heads,the unification of the herd structure and the overloading of the grazing,led to varying degrees of degradation of the grazing fence.NDVI values were reduced from NDVI in 1989 to 2016,ie,NDVI values were reduced by52.69%.The NDVI values in the study area from 1989 to 2016 showed a "V" shape change,that is,the NDVI gradually decreased from 1989 to 2000,reaching the lowest value in 2000,and then increased sharply in 2003,and then gradually decreased.There were also large spatial differences in the variation of NDVI in the study area.The community composition was changed from Stipa krylovii + Artemisia sphaerocephalus to Artemisia adamsii,Grass,Convolvulus ammannii,common plant species for the grass licorice,Chenopo dium album Linn,Cleistogenes squarrosa,etc.,there are some years of dominant annual plant(2003).(3)The dominance of perennial herbaceous plants in the sampling area of Nurongbao Lugu grassland in Inner Mongolia is obviously lower than that of Nalan Sulu grassland in Mongolia.The diversity index and dominance index of the four-season nomadic field of the Nalan hematoxylin in Mongolia are higher than those of the country ’s that treasure.The ecology of perennial and annual herbaceous plants is large,and the ecological overlap between perennial and annual plants is obvious and the two hematoxylin are different.It shows that different grazing methods will lead to degeneration of grassland vegetation and reduce the ecological and economic value of grassland.In summary,the persistent turnover of natural grassland vegetation has an important effect on the selective feeding and ecotype production of livestock that are free to graze.Different grazing patterns,due to the ecological behavior of livestock eating trampling is changed,affecting the community characteristics and differences in ecosystem components;For this reason to choose a reasonable way of grazing is conducive to the grassland community’s own turnover and its dominant species of stable growth.