The Effect Of Photoperiod And Light Intensity On Grapholitha Molesta (Lepidoptera:Tortricidae) Calling Behavior And Fecundity

The oriental Fruit Moth, Grapholitha molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae), is a worldwide borer pest and widely distributed in China, except the Xinjiang and Tibet province. G. molesta is a weak light of insects, and sensitive to light, with rhythm and it’s necessary to all of the life. The paper studied the effect of photoperiod and light intensity to the pupae and adult of the G. molesta on calling behavior, mating force, fecundity and longevity of male and females. Setting 13 photoperiod, that is L:D=0:24; L:D=2:22;L:D=4:20; L:D=6:18; L:D= 8:16; L:D=10:14; L:D=12:12; L:D=14:10; L:D=16:8; L:D=18:6; L:D=20:4; L:D=22:2; L:D=24:0, the control is L:D=15:9. Setting 5 light intensity, that is 50 lux、100 lux、 300 lux、400 lux、5001ux, the control is 2001ux. The main results were as follows:The effect of the photoperiod on the adult:The maximum effect on calling behavior in L:D=12:12, long photoperiod of copulation mainly occurred in the light period, short photoperiod copulation mainly occurred in the dark period, the amount of oviposition of adults with different light period was significant, in L:D=14:10, the average amount of eggs was the highest, which was 89, but the difference of hatching rate was not significant. The population dynamics of the adult were different under the different light period treatments. The development of the population was favorable in L:D=14:10.The effect of the photoperiod on the pupae:The pupal eclosion time was significantly different with different photoperiod treatments. It is disadvantage to the calling and mating behavior in pupae accepting different photoperiod stimulus; short photoperiod mating mainly occurred in the dark period, long photoperiods mating mainly occurred in the light period, the number of oviposition after the pupal eclosion was significantly different with different photoperiod treatments. The average life of the female is less than male, different photoperiod treatments were detrimental to the population development of the pupa, especially the whole dark and L:D=12:12 were the most affected.The effect of the light intensity on the adult:In 501ux, calling behavior was complete, and in 3001ux, calling behavior lasted for a long time. It is not significant difference with light intensity on oviposition, hatching rate and the life of male and females. And different treatments of light intensity was detrimental to the adult population development.The effect of the light intensity on the pupae:The pupal eclosion time was significantly different with different light intensity treatments. In 4001ux, pupae eclosion time of male and female was the longest, respectively for 7.1 days and 6.8 days. Under the different light intensity treated the pupae, the male and female longevity, fecundity was not significant difference after eclosion. It is affected on the population dynamics of the pupa with the different light intensity, especially the 3001ux was the most affected.Our research showed that the different insect stages of calling behavior, fecundity and population dynamics with photoperiod treatment was:pupal stage is greater than that of the adult stage; light intensity and the influence of different insect stages of calling behavior was mainly:the beginning time of the calling behavior. The effect on different insect state fecundity was:the fecundity of pupal stage is more than adult stage.