| Selenium on Earth is uneven,causing deficiency phenomenon of the regional selenium,about two-thirds of the areas in China are short of selenium,the people and animals have generally low selenium intake,and human and animal's ability to store selenium in the body is very weak,therefore requiring constant supplement implement selenium.Our country is an agricultural producer.Poultry farning has also been the focus of agriculture.In recently years,consumers have become increasingly demanding high quality on meat,including appearance,texture,flavor and tenderness,juiciness and flavor and so on,meat quality is the primary determinant of consumer purchase or refusal.In particular,today selenium-rich food received extensive attention of people,selenium-rich food on the market reaction well.Thus the selenium-rich feed and food have a extremely broad market,its economic benefits are also considerable.The experient with sodium selenite,selenium and selenomethionine biological as selenium source,reseach on the effects of broilers production performance,meat quality,selenium content and antioxidant capacity.To determine the performance and the optimum adding amunts of the three kinds of selenium source,which could provide experimental evidence for broiler breeding efficiency,quick and safe development and the development of green food rich in selenium.Test one:300 6-day-old white broilers were randomly divided into 10 groups,each group repeats three times,each repeat contains 10 white broilers,the first group was fed with basal diet as a control group,group 2.3.4 were fed with basal diet selenium by respectively adding 0.5mg/kg,0.8mg/kg,1.1 mg/kg sodium selenite,group 5,6,7 were added 0.5mg/kg,0.8mg/kg,1.1mg/kg biological selenium,while group 8,9,10 were added 0.5mg/kg,0.8mg/kg,1.1 mg/kg selenomethionine and made them free drinking.The fodder intake of above-mentioned 7 groups were measured every day,the weight of above-mentioned 10 groups were measured every 7 days,weighing six weeks continuously.The results showed,sodium selenite,biological selenium and selenomethionine can improve the broilers production performance,improve feed efficiency and decrease fodder meat ratio.Compared with the control group,each experimental group can significantly(P<0.05)or highly significant(P<0.01)increase the weight of broilers,the weight increased by 8.3%,14.3%,10.4%,12.8%,19.9%,16.8%,14.0%.17.7%and 11.9%;Compared with the control group,each experimental group could significantly(P<0.05)or highly significant(P<0.01)decrease fodder meat ratio,the broiler of the experimental group fodder meat ratio decrease respectively by 1.4%,2.0%1.5%,1.3%,4.1%,2.7%,2.3%,3.4%,1.7%;When the selenium concentration was 0.8mg/kg,the gaining weight of broilers reached the highest value,fodder meat ratio reached the minimum value;With the selenium concentration increased further,the value of weight gain would reduce,as well as the fodder meat ratio would increase;Under the experimental conditions,dietary selenium can improve the weight gain,decrease fodder meat ratio,the range of the average weight gain of per broiler is 2.718?3.009kg,while the range of fodder meat ratio is 1.762?1.811.Test two:After 6 weeks dissecting the chicken breast meat,to determine the drip loss value and rate of cooked meat chicken.The results showed that sodium selenite,biological selenium and selenomethionine could reduce chicken's water loss value and increase the rate of chicken cooked meat.Compared with control group,each group(with the exception of experimental group 4)drip loss values were significant difference(P<0.05)or highly significant(P<0.01),likewise experimental group rate of cooked meat were significant difference(P<0.05)or highly significant(P<0.01).When the selenium concentration reached to 0.8mg/kg,the drip loss value achieved the lowest,while the cooked meat rate achieved the highest;With further increased of selenium concentration,drip loss value increased,and cooked meat rate reduced.Under this experimental condition,adding selenium diet may reduce the water loss value of chicken,the drip loss value was the range of 0.015?0.113 g/50g;Adding selenium diet may increase the rate of chicken cooked meat,the rate was the range of 68.21%?71.77%.Test three:By the hydride flame atomic absorption method,determining the selenium content of chicken group.The results showed that sodium selenite,biological selenium and selenomethionine all could improve the selenium content of chicken tissues.Compared with control group,organization of selenium content in the test group were significant difference(P<0.05)or highly significant(P<0.01).When the selenium concentration was 0.8mg/kg,the selenium content achieved the highest;With further increase selenium concentration,selenium content down further.Under this experimental condition,adding selenium diet may improve the selenium content in poultry tissue,could produce selenium-rich chicken,selenium was the range of 0.37?1.74 mg/kg.Test four:After six weeks,sampled 5 ml/wings in the medial venous,and measured glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),total superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content of broilers serum and liver tissue.Diet adding three kinds of selenium source could make the activity of GSH-Px and SOD improved significantly(P<0.01),the content of MDA reduced significantly(P<0.01),improved the body's immunity and anti-oxidation ability,thus reduced the mortality of poultry,improved the economic benefits of poultry breeding.Comprehensive consideration,in poultry breeding,it is suggested that based on biological selenium as selenium source,the optimal concentration is 0.8 mg/kg.Under this condition,the poultry production performance,meat quality,selenium content and antioxidant capacity are the best,furthermore make the broilers breeding achieve maximum economic benefits. |
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