Study On Habitat And Genetic Mechanisms Of Genuineness Of Ephedra

Objectives Study the habitat factors and genetic factors' influences on the quality of Ephedra.Methods(1) Determine the Ephedra soil's mineral elements, PH, particle composition, aggregate structure, organic matter, humus and cation exchange capacity, and choose the soil factors that affect the quality of Ephedra;(2) Search for 18 meteorological factors including the average monthly temperature and average annual rainfall et al. in Chinese Meteorological Data Network, and choose the meteorological factors that affect the quality of Ephedra;(3) Determine the growth environment's terrain or biological factors of Ephedra, and choose the terrain or biological factors that affect the quality of Ephedra;(4) Clone the mat K and ITS1 genes, use the AFLP technique to study the genetic distance of Ephedra from different areas, and study the genetic factors' effect on the quality of Ephedra.Results(1) Ephedrine has significant or extremely significant correlation with PH, aggregate structure, humus and mineral elements P?K?Mg?Mn?Zn?Sr, pseudoephedrine has significant correlation with humus and cation exchange capacity, the sum of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine has significant correlation with PH, cation exchange capacity and element Na, sweating biological potency has significant positive correlation with cation exchange capacity and quality characteristic value has significant or extremely significant correlation with aggregate structure and humus.(2) Ephedrine is significant or extremely significant correlated with 41 meteorological factors including annual average temperature et al.; pseudoephedrine has significant correlation with 6 meteorological factors consisting of monthly average total cloud amount et al.; the sum of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine has significant correlation with 3 meteorological factors consisting of monthly average sunshine hours et al., Fingerprint peak 2 is significantcorrelated with 6 meteorological factors, peak 3 is significantcorrelated with 5 meteorological factors, peak 6 is significantcorrelated with 13 meteorological factors, peak 7 is significantcorrelated with 15 meteorological factors; Ephedra's sweating has significant correlation with 8 meteorological factors consisting of monthly average rainfall.(3) Ephedrine has significant correlation with longitude and altitude, pseudoephedrine has significant correlation with latitude, the sum of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine hassignificant negative correlation withimportant value; Fingerprint peak 1 is significantcorrelated withimportant value and altitude, peak 2 is significantcorrelated withlatitude and altitude, peak 3 is significantcorrelatedwith important value, peak 6 and peak 7 have extremelysignificant negative correlation withlongitude.(4)The niche fitness values of ephedrine that are more than 0.9 have three areas including Shanxi Youyu, Inner Mongolia Wengniuteqiwulan and Inner Mongolia Naimanqi, the niche fitness values of pseudoephedrine that are more than 0.9 have five areas including Gansu Wuweiliangzhou, Gansu Gulang, Gansu Huachi, Gansu Shandan and Ningxia Lingwu, and the niche fitness values of the sum of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine that are more than 0.9 has only an area including Shaanxi Dali.(5)Combing mat K and ITS genes has the ability to identify the interspecific Ephedra, and AFLP technique based on DNA has the ability to discriminate the interspecific and intraspecific Ephedra. Genetic distance has the correlation with ephedrine and sweating biological potency, and the regression equations are Y=0.491X-0.102X2+0.007X3(R2=0.589,P<0.05) and Y=11.285X- 2.289X2+ 1.40X3(R2=0.914, P<0.05), respectively.(6)Ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and the sum of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine are all significant correlated with the niche fitness values, and the regression equations are Y=3.723X- 4.508X2+ 1.561X3(R2=0.828, P<0.05), Y=2.393X- 1.862X2+0.393X3(R2=0.841,P<0.05) and Y=1.422X-0.829X2+0.143X3(R2=0.935,P<0.05).Conclusions Combining the habitat factors, genetic factors and the quality factors can comprehensively evaluate habitat and genetic mechanisms in the formation of genuineness Ephedra.