| Predatory ladybird beetles as the important biological control agent, play an important role in pest control of economics crops and forests. Internal reproductive system can be used as a reference to the phelogeny and artificial diet of ladybird beetles remarkably.Cross dissection and paraffin sections are used to study the reproductive and development of ovary among seven predatory ladybird beetles, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant,Propylea japonica Thunberg, Rodolia pumila Weise, Stethorus(Stethotus) cantonensis Pang, Scymnus(Pullus) quadrillum Motschulsky, Axinoscymnus cardilobus Ren et Pang,Nephus(Geminosipho) dilepismoides Pang et Pu and Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata Fabricius, as well as the oogenesis on two predatory ladybird beetles, C. montrouzieri and P.japonica. In addition, the distinctions of reproductive system of Coccinellidae are discussed.(1) Comparative study on the male reproductive system in Coccinellidae. Two pairs of paragonia gland which considered significant difference are observed in A.cardilobus, C.montrouzieri, N.(G.) dilepismoides, R. pumila and H. vigintioctopunctata, one of which is shorter than the other. P. japonica have 1 pair of paragonia gland. While, the paragonia gland is indistinct in S.(S.) cantonensis and S.(P.) quadrillum. The testicular tube are orbicular in C. montrouzieri, S.(P.) quadrillum, N.(G.) dilepismoides and R. pumila;elliptic in H. vigintioctopunctata and P. japonica; long tube-shaped in A. cardilobus,approxima rectangular in S.(S.) cantonensis. The numbers of testicular tube are different among majority species. The color of tests of H. vigintioctopunctata is yellow. The tests of other species are white, of which are painted heavy in S.(S.) cantonensis Pang. Seven species include visible Seminal vesicles except H. vigintioctopunctata. It is apparent in S.(S.) cantonensis. All the specimens studied have great difference on ejaculatory duct and penis, as well as tegmen.(2) Comparative study on the female reproductive system in Coccinellidae. Thenumber of ovarioles is not equal in six species, but same in A. cardilobus and S.(S.)cantonensis. The vitellatium of most species contain three developing oocytes. And their sizes are differing within the same individual. The oocytes extremely approach the base of ovary is the one of first being oviposited. The lateral oviducts of A. cardilobus are faint.Specially, they insert into genital chamber respectively in S.(S.) cantonensis. The spermatheca in S.(S.) cantonensis is not visible, but it is slight in H. vigintioctopunctata.Specially, H. vigintioctopunctata contains spermathecal gland located at the apex of genital chamber. But the spermathecal glands are never found among the predatory species. There is one nude on lateral oviducts and median oviduct of H. vigintioctopunctata, which is absent in the rests. Although obviously differentiations are observed on genital plates, we can divide them into two groups base on the morphology of distal of each other.(3) Ovary developing in Coccinellidae. The reproductive systems are completely developing and the ovaries are transparent the moment of emergence. There are so many white tracheas in early stage. But they decrease gradually within ovaries developing. When oocyte developing, Ovaries enlarge, lateral oviducts and median oviduct shorten and broaden. The color of mature oocytes of S.(P.) quadrillum is atrovirens. And the color of mature oocytes of R. pumila is red. The other species possess flaxen oocytes. Most of the ladybird beetles would be mating and ovipositing after six days since emergence.(4) Oogenesis in Coccinellidae. The ovariole pattern of C. montrouzieri and P.japonica is of telotrophic type. The ovatiole consist of germarium, vitellatium and terminal filament. The germarium contains nurse cells and oocytes. Vitellatium contains developing oocytes and follicular cells. The process of oogenesis can be divided into four stages based on the condition of yolk deposition, the variations of the oocytes and follicular cells. The follicle which contains one oocyte and the follicular cells around it can be observed in vitellatium. During early stage, nurse cells provide oocytes with nutrition via nutritive cord which existing in C. montrouzieri, but is absent from P. japonica. Throughout the oogenesis,the patterns of follicular cells playing a vital role vary three times. We suggest that the ovarioles pattern of ladybird beetles is the primary one because of their independent nurse cells. |
