Sexual Hybridization Of Longan And Litchi, Hybrid Identification By Flow Cytometry And Planting Breeding

longan(Dimocarpus longan Lour.) and Litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn.), the important economic trees in southern China, in plant taxonomy, they belong to Sapindaceae family, longan(Dimocarpus) and litchi(Litchi), respectively, shall be referred to as ‘the fruit of Lingnan’. In longan litchi industry, there are serious problems of give more concentrated and the imbalance of the supply of fresh fruit, therefore, breeding new species of extreme-early maturation or extreme-late maturation and the best comprehensive properties that development of longan and litchi industry is very important.According to the need of the breeding objectives, this research has carried out the longan and litchi conventional hybridization, intergeneric hybridization and composite hybridization between intergeneric hybrid, the part of ture hybrids were identificated the genome size as flow cytometry, and had comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality traits in some conventional hybrids and intergeneric hybrids to obtain some excellent individuals,the main results are as follows:1. Use the litchi fruit hybrid strain ‘MS 12’ as female parent, and ‘Wuheli’ as male parent, had conventional hybridization of litchi; extreme-late maturation longgan‘Xiaoxueben’ as female parent, ‘Chuliang’ as male parent, had conventional hybridization of longan. Respectively obtain 18 and 16 artificial hybrids, are grown well.2. Use ‘Shixia’ as female parent, ‘Ziniangxi’ as male parent, had intergeneric hybridization; intergeneric hybrid ‘Zaozi-1’ as female parent, ‘Wuheli’ as male parent, had intergeneric backcross breeding; ‘Zhongzi-8’ as female parent, ‘zishi-6’ as male parent, hadIV composite hybridization between intergeneric hybrid. Respectively obtained 5, 40 and 16 artificial hybrids, are grown well, provided innovative materials to the research of breeding and new species.3. The establishment of flow cytometry, find intergeneric hybrid nucleus extract is the crucial step. By comparing the Otto’s, WPB and LB01 cracking liquid to the liquid on the extraction of intergeneric hybrid effect, the result shows that only use LB01 extraction intergeneric hybrid stability of the nucleus, less impurities, high resolution and most cells in G0/G1 peak CV value is less than 5%, and small between 5% ~ 8%, and extraction of WPB nucleus impurities more cells in G0/G1 peak high CV value, Otto’s failed to significant G0/G1 peak.4. Had done identification of flow cytometry for intergeneric hybrid of ‘Shixia ×Ziniangxi’(SZ) and ‘Zaozi-1 × Wuheli’(ZZW), find some variability in quite severe hybrid individuals. the average 555.75 Mb genome size of SZ group, genome size 6 per plant between parents, supposedly diploid, 6 per plant is higher than the single plant with high, may be hyperloid, and 3 per plant is lower than the single plant with low, may be hypoploid. the average 566.16 Mb genome size of ZZW group, genome size 6 per plant between parents, supposedly diploid, 17 per plant is higher than the single plant with high,may be hyperloid, and 12 per plant is lower than the single plant with low, may be hypoploid. The variability in the larger hybrid individuals may have important value of genetic research.5. Conventional hybrid optimal plant breeding aspect, to "pineapple by big black circle" longan hybrid population group(FD) and ‘Maguili × Sanyuehong’ litchi hybrid population(MS) for 2 years in a row of fruit quality analysis, preliminary screening plant11 of excellent quality and good quality.Combined with the research fruit quality data from previous years, FD group and among MS weighted points of the highest quality of FD 265 and MS48, respectively. FD 265 fruit meat thick, TSS content and edible rates is very high, use value and has good breeding production application prospect. MS 48 single fruit weight is very big, can be used as a good breeding material.Another FD 97 and MS 12 for late strong sex specificity monoclonal.6. Intergeneric hybrid optimal plant breeding, for the blossom intergeneric hybrid fruitquality analysis for 2 years in a row, preliminary screening plant 4 excellent quality and good quality. Combined with the research fruit quality data from previous years, one of the highest quality weighted points to the ‘SZ 19’, the individual character of TSS content,edible rate, aroma is superior to female parent ‘Shixia’, is a good potential market value and production.