| Phalaenopsis is one of the most popular potted flowers all over the world, and it is also one of the most successful industrial development orchids. Creation of new varieties is the foundation of Phalaenopsis industry, but laggard in breeding and basic research have became a major bottleneck for the further development of Phalaenopsis industry in China. Phalaenopsis cultivar with big red flower and long peduncle is the main type in commercial marcket, and in order to develop this kind of cultivar efficiently, in the study, cross combinations were made by the use of Phalaenopsis cultivars with red flower, separation of inportant breeding target characters such as the length of peduncle and color of flower in hybrid population was analysed, elite individual plants with red flower and long peduncle were chosen, and micropropagation of new Phalaenopsis cultivars with red flower was investigated.The main results were as follows:1, Parental selection. Phalaenopsiscultivarsincluding Dtps. ‘Jubao’, P. ‘Neishanguniang’, P.‘Ruey Lih Beauty’ and Dtps. Ben Yu Star‘Red Dragon’ were used as parents, these cultivars had big round red flowers orderly arranged in a straight inflorescences, the length of peduncle was 43.69 cm, 50.29 cm, 44.04 cm and 38.52 cm, and the longitudial diameter of flower was 7.88 cm, 8.54 cm, 7.51 cm and 7.52 cm, respectively,.2. Hybrid combination preparation and seed germination. Six hybrid combinations were made, the fruiting rate of P.‘Ruey Lih Beauty’×Dtps.Ben Yu Star‘Red Dragon’and Dtps.‘Jubao’ ×Dtps.‘Neishanguniang’ was obvious higher than that of other combinations, which was 30.0% and 40.0%, respectively, and their germination percentages were 90.0% and 93.50% on 1/2MS, the mean number of protocorm-like bodies produced per jar was 333 and 667, respectively. 6214 seedlings were produced in six hybrid combinations.3. Observation and measurement on hybrid traits and individual selection. Segregation of characters obviously occurred in hybrid progeny.The coefficient variation of the length of peduncle and the diameter of flower of Dtps.Jubao×Dtps. Nei Shan Gu Niang was 13.17% and 5.09%, respectively, the length of peduncle ranged from 38.00 cm to 71.00 cm, the average diameter of flower was 10.04 cm, and there were red-purple, light red-purple, shallow red-purple, pink and white flower in the hybrid progeny. The coefficient variation of the length of peduncle and the diameter of flower ofof P.‘Ruey Lih Beauty’×Dtps. Ben Yu Star‘Red Dragon’ was 4.26%and 6.04%respectively, the length of peduncle ranged from 39.40 cm to 52.80 cm, the average diameter of flower was 10.04 cm, and the flower color of the hybrids included purple and light purple. Ten elite individuals were selected from each of the two combination, these stocks all had high peduncle, big and red flowers, good plant type and high ornamental value.5. Micropropagation of newcultivar P. ‘Hongyun’ and P. ‘liying’. Disinfection time had an obvious effect on the contamination rate, browning mortality rate, and induction rate of vegetative bud. When disinfected with 0.1% Hg Cl2 for 8 minutes, the induction rate of vegetative bud and the contamination rate were highest, and the browning mortality rate was lowest. When disinfected for 15 minutes, the induction and contamination rates were lowest, exogenous hormones had no significant effect on induction rate of P.‘Hongyun’. The concentration of 6-BA, organic additives and the number of bud in an inoculum had significant on bud proliferation.At 6-BA concentration being 8mg/L,the proliferation coefficiencies of P. ‘Hongyun’ and P. ‘Liying’ were the highest, accounting for2.31 and 2.22, respectively; When supplement of 150ml/L coconut milk, the proliferation coefficiencies of P. ‘Hongyun’ and P. ‘Liying’ were the highest, accounting for 2.40 and 2.15 respectively, the effect of potato juice was better than that of banana juice, buds grew fast and stronger in medium with potato juice; Single bud as an inoculum favors bud proliferation and enhanced the multiplication coefficient. exogenous hormone had no significant effect on root induction and seedling strengthen, seedling heights of P. ‘Hongyun’ and P. ‘Liying’ were the highest on modified 1/2MS medium with 6-BA 0.1 mg·L-1+ NAA 0.1 mg·L-1, which were 5.96 cm and 4.15 cm, respectively.Through the above research, the technical system of creating new Phalaenopsis cultivars with red flower and long peduncle was established, ans this lays a foundation for enhancing breeding efficiency of creating new Phalaenopsis cultivars with red flower and long peduncle. |
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