Ornamental Characteristics Evaluation And Hybridization Technique’s Study Of Spathiphyllum Floribundum

Spathiphyllum floribundum is a perennial herb that belongs to the family Araceae. It is one of the important indoor foliage plants in the current market. This study was aim to create the new genetic resources by using conventionalcross and somatic hybridization within different genera plants. The results are as follows:1. The present study was to establish a synthetic system for assessing the quality of S. floribundum and to offer a theoretical support for breeding new varieties. Sixteen varieties of S. floribundum’smain cultivarswere used as materials and 15 characters were chosen as evaluation factors. The synthetic evaluation system was established by combining the grey correlation analysis and analytic hierarchy process(AHP) method. AHP method was used to determine the weight value of various characters. The results showed that compactness of plant, glossiness of blade and blade color represent a significant share. The weight value of each affecting factor was 0.306, 0.230 and 0.100,respectively. On this basis, ornamental value of 16 varieties of S. floribundum can be ranked according to gray relation. Usage of gray relation analysis and AHP method can effectively and comprehensively evaluate S. floribundum varieties. This evaluation system can be applied to select objective quickly, and provides a scientific and precise method for selection breeding.2.The fresh pollens from nine varieties of S. floribundum were used to conduct pollen germination experiment. The result showed that pollen germination ability varied among different cultivars. Highest germination rate was observed in ’Bright’, which was 32.19%, while lowest germination rate(0%) was found in ’Kelp’.3. The pollen tube elongation of ’Picolino’ pollen on stigma of ’Chris’ was observed by fluorescent microscope. Experimental results showed that the ’Picolino’ pollen could germinate on stigma of ’Chris’ and the pollen tube remained normally near the ovule 120 h after pollination. The pollen of ’weeds’ and ’Picolino’ could also germinate in the stigma of ’Vickily’.4.By counting the time length from pollination to seed harvesting for each of 30 cross combinations, we observed that cross combination needed the shortest time was ’Cody color’ × ’Mojo’ with 73 d, while cross combination with the longest time was ’Mojo’ x’Silver’ with 122 d. We obtained the total of 4,494 hybrid seeds from 30 hybrid combinations between 17 varieties. Among them, the seed number of hybrid combination ’Sweet Cake’ × ’Kelp’ was maximum and was 469; the hybrid combination ’Sweet Cake’ × ’Sweet Chi’ got minimum, only 30. The germination rate of hybrid seeds from 13 cross combinations was measured. The result showed that the rate of seed germination ranged from 0% to 65%; hybrid combination with the highest germination rate was ’Sweet Cake’ × ’Kelp’, while hybrid combination with the lowest germination rate was ’Sunshine Dream’ × ’Mojo’.5.To isolate the protoplast from leaves of ’Vickily’ tissue culture plantlet, the orthogonal experiment with four factors and three levels was carried out. The results showed that concentration of pectinase had the most impact on protoplast yield, while the greatest influence factor of cell survival factors was the reaction time, followed by the mannitol concentration. Using the optimum system obtained from orthogonal experiment(2.0% cellulose, 1.0% pectinase, 14% mannitol, enzymolysis for 8h), the yield of protoplast was up to 10.67×106/g( FW), and 72.39% of which was activated.6.PEG-mediated protoplast fusion was conducted using protoplasts from S. ’Vick’ and Aglaonema ’Viewtiful’. The result showed that the concentration of PEG has a greater effect on protoplast fusion rate; the best PEG concentration for protoplast fusion is 30% and the fusion rate is 25.58%.