Erosion Monitoring Technology Based On UAV Aerial Image And GIS Technology

In this paper, the central Guizhou hilly areas to soil erosion and landscape ecology theory as the background support and in 2000 Landsat ETM + satellite images and aerial drones in 2013 DMC? image data source, through GIS technology, remote sensing and landscape analysis software, according to the status of land use, landscape pattern index and composite index of soil erosion on soil erosion landscape composition and soil erosion situation are analyzed; Soil loss equation is used to calculate the total area of soil erosion and soil erosion modulus; Using ArcGIS software to extract the landscape pattern dynamic variation and soil erosion intensity space distribution, and according to the existing level of soil erosion classification standard for soil erosion intensity in the study area were classified. By comparison, the study area to obtain soil erosion dynamic process, further analysis of the situation and the sensitivity of soil erosion.Through the research, we obtained the following conclusions:(1) The soil erosion intensity in the study area is given priority to the microdegree erosion and slight-degree erosion, followed by the moderate intensity of erosion and erosion. For more than 10 years,The totality of soil erosion intensity reflects weakening trend, but the regional soil erosion intensity has a modest increase, the task of soil and water conservation is still difficult. Micro-degree soil erosion are mainly distributed in central plains region and the northwest plateau table-board area with gentle gradient, mild and above erosion intensity mainly distributed in the northeast and southwest regions with the peak cluster depression.(2) From the distribution area and proportion of the soil erosion sensitivity, it is given priority to moderate sensitivity and sensitivity in the study area, that showed a trend of decrease.From the perspective of the geomorphic partition distribution of sensitivity, the most widely distributed light sensitive and sensitive, they are mainly distributed in the central plains and the northwest plateau mesa area.(3)Forest land, cultivated land and construction land as the main landscape types in the study area, they has dominated the change of the regional landscape pattern.Especially to the rapid increase of construction land and the decrease of cultivated land and forest land, they are the most prominent features of the landscape pattern evolution more than a decade in the study area. And the rapid increase of the construction land has enhance the Aggregation and Connectivity themselves, it presents the trend that area is increasing and space is Contiguous. On the contrary, due to the expansion of construction land and its segmentation effect, the cultivated land, forest land and rock bare ground presents the trend of smaller area and divided space.(4) The level of soil erosion sensitivity is highly related to the intensity degree of soil erosion in the study area. With increasing sensitivity of soil, the proportion of moderate erosion, slight erosion and micro erosion has decreased in the soil erosion intensity. Whereas the proportion of intense erosion, high intense erosion and acute erosion has increased in the soil erosion intensity.With soil erosion is more sensitive, the higher the soil erosion intensity is and the probability of soil and water loss is the greater.(5) In the study area of soil erosion, the correlation between soil erosion modulus and the landscape pattern index is significantly higher than the correlation between the amount of soil erosion and the landscape pattern index.This is may be due to the amount of soil erosion is result of soil erosion modulus, soil erosion area and other factors working together. It not only influenced by the change of landscape pattern, but also affected by the landscape patch area.(6)Soil erosion sensitivity and soil erosion intensity is interrelated with the landscape pattern in the study area. More than 10 years, construction land is the largest proportion in the area of survey region, its Aggregation and Connectivity has increased. So the area of soil erosion intensity present the weakening trend in general. But the increase of construction land is associated with the decrease of the landscape types include forest land and cultivated land. It leads the forest land, cultivated land and other landscape types that present the trend of that area is reduced, finely and separation, the regional soil erosion intensity increased and soil erosion sensitivity increase.