| Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.is national strategic resource plant only in China.It is not only the most widely adapted temperate rubber trees in the world,but also the important medicinal and woody oil trees,being the plant of the second-class protection.E.ulmoides leaves are rich in many active ingredients such as chlorogenic acid,which provide important raw materials for food,health products,pharmaceuticals and functional feed.In the same time,the E.ulmoides pericarp is rich in rubber,which can widely used in aerospace,national defence,military industry,automobile industry,high-speed rail,communitations,medical,power,water conservancy,construction,sports competition and so on with a great industrialization prospect.Now,the main active ingredients and genetic variation law of rubber content in different E.ulmoides germplasm lack systematic research.To summarize the genetic variation law of main active ingredients and rubber contents in different E.ulmoides germplasm,evaluate the diversity of the active component contents,and to provide basic reference for mining and exploitation of excellent resources,we will establish and improve the measurement method of active ingredient contents,measure systematically seven important active ingredient contents and rubber contents in E.ulmoides pericarp from different germplasm,and analyze the content difference and correlation among phenotypic characters.The main study results are described as following:1.This study established a method for determining the content of seven active components in E.ulmoides leaves.Samples were separated on a Thermo C18 column(250 mm × 4.6 mm,5 um)with mobile phase of phosphoric acid-water(0.5%)(A)and methyl methanol(B)at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.Gradient elution and tunable wavelength of determination were conducted at a column temperature of 30?.The content of aucubin,geniposidic acid,chlorogenic acid,asperuloside,geniposide,isoquercitrin,quercetin had a good linear relationship with the integral value of peak area during 0.36~10.80 ?g,0.14~4.20 ?g,0.28~8.40 ?g,0.16~4.80 ?g,0.16~4.80 ?g,0.08~2.40 ?g,0.04~1.20 ?g,respectively.The average recoveries(n=6)of seven active components were 101.78%,97.64%,99.41%,100.28%,98.42%,98.13%,101.30%,respectively,and the RSD were 0.72%,2.25%,1.19%?2.06%,2.32%,0.85%,2.43%,respectively.2.This study preliminary revealed the variation characteristics of six active components in 105 E.ulmoides germplasm leaves.The variation of the content of six active components was different among different E.ulmoides germplasm leaves,the largest coefficient of variation appeared in isoquercitrin(34.42%)and the content ranged from 1.16 to 6.92 mg·g-1,while the lowest coefficient of variation appeared in total flavonoids(19.35%)and the content ranged from 6.70 to 22.53 mg·g-1.The diversity index of six active components were all above 2.0.The content of six active components showed extremely significant difference(p<0.01)among different germplasms.Correlation analysis showed that the content of aucubin,geniposidic acid and asperuloside were extremely significant with each other,the content of chlorogenic acid was extremely significant and positive correlated with aucubin,asperuloside,isoquercitrin and total flavonoids were,no significant correlation was found between total flavonoid and other components except for isoquercitrin and chlorogenic acid.Eucommia ulmoides germplasm resources were divided into four groups according to the content difference of the six components,in which the group?including 13 materials had higher contents of active components than other groups,which could provide basic material for breeding of Eucommia ulmoides germplasm.3.This study preliminary revealed variation characteristics of morphological traits in 208 E.ulmoides germplasm fruits.The variation of 12 traits was different among different E.ulmoides germplasm fruits,the coefficient of variation ranged from 7.47 to 75.37% and the average coefficient of variation was 15.92%.The yield of per plant had the largest coefficient of variation(75.37%)and ranged from 1.68 to 95.00 g,with an average of 19.61 g,The weight of one hundred fruit were ranged from 3.58 g to 8.84 g,with an average of 5.96 g.The average of seed lateral diameter was 2.55 mm and fluctuated within the range of 1.76 mm to 3.04 mm with lowest variation coefficient.The yield per plant had a extremely significant positive correlation with seed size index,seed horizontal diameter or lateral diameter and so on.Fruits from Xiangshui,Jiangsu province and Jiangya,Hunan province were larger and ellipse,and the fruit horizontal diameter,lateral diameter and fruit size index were significantly higher than that in other provinces.208 E.ulmoides germplasm were divided into four groups based on 12 fruit characters.Germplasm in group?had larger fruits,higer yields,which could provide basic material for breeding of E.ulmoides germplasm.4.This study preliminary revealed variation characteristics of rubber content in 208 E.ulmoides germplasm fruits.The coefficient of rubber content was 20.19%,and ranged from 4.72%to 18.19%,with an average of 12.58%,Analysis of correlation showed that,rubber content in fruit only had extremely significant positive correlation with fruit lateral diameter and the correlation coefficient was 0.236,while it had no significant correlation with other fruit shape.Fruits from Anguo,Hebei province were higher rubber content than that in other provinces.The superior glue-containing resources were selected in top 10%,which the glue content of peel was higher than15.83%,and 19 materials were selected as high glue-containing resources for breeding of E.ulmoides germplasm. |
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