| With the continuous deterioration of the natural environment, ecological and environmental problems are more and more global attention. Soil erosion (also known as the "soil erosion") is an important problem in many ecological and environmental fields which people have paid more and more attention. The gully (also known as the "gully") is a major phenomenon of soil erosion. Integrity not only destroys the land, threatens the ecological environment, but also seriously affects the social and economic development. Central China’s Jilin province is located in one of the black soil region of Northeast China the world’s three largest black soil regions which is an important commodity grain base in china. Since the fifties of the last century, increased with the increase of soil erosion in black soil region of Northeast China, the problem of soil and water loss in Jilin Province have become increasingly prominent, gully development, development has on people’s life, the production and the development of social economy caused great influence, especially on of cultivated land in black soil region constitute a serious threat, topsoil layer is getting thinner and thinner, the content of soil organic matter and less and less. So the urgent need for ecological management of Jilin Province, erosion ditch.Cited in this paper and Ministry of water resources to maintain the monitoring center to provide remote sensing images and scale 1:50000 digital elevation model (DEM), using the first national soil and water maintain census about Jilin Province of erosion gully in the census results, and the survey analysis, in Jilin Province erosion ditch with more comprehensive and systematic understanding and knowledge. Jilin province has more than 4.8 soil erosion area of km2, accounting for 25.7% of the total land area of the province. Channel erosion is one of the main forms of water and soil erosion, the province has a large and medium erosion ditch 62978 (long trench 100m above), covers an area of about 37371 hm2. Erosion ditch destroyed a large amount of arable land, so that a large number of fertile soil loss, the use of agricultural machinery in the field of arable land is affected and constraints, the increase in the cost of planting, a serious impact on the economic income of farmers. The rainy season every year, encountered heavy rain, with erosion gully development generated by a large number of sediment, direct access to the rivers and reservoirs, river siltation, reduction in capacity, serious impact on the rivers and reservoirs, the flood storage and water storage capacity, caused floods, washed away roads, submerged farmland, a serious threat to the production and life of local farmers, and even a threat to life safety. The further development of gully erosion as a soil erosion phenomenon, once formed, with the constant flow erosion, gully erosion either in quantity or in the area continues to expand, but also lead to alternation of Xingou and old ditch, this situation and further aggravate the soil erosion, soil erosion problems, the deterioration of the ecological environment, land is barren desert, forming a vicious circle.Jilin Province in the years of practice of soil erosion prevention has carried out prevention and control, the gully has experience and lessons, and has achieved some success. Due to the Jilin Province natural geographical conditions are different in different large, coupled with the erosion gully has different characteristics in different stages of development, prevention and control of soil erosion ditch should also be according to different types of erosion of gully and the local natural conditions, adjust measures to local conditions, take different governance and protection measures and methods, follow the path of ecological protection.The analysis of the province’s soil and water conservation on the basis of census results in, through field investigation and study, summed up the characteristics and distribution of erosion ditch in Jilin Province, analyzed across the province to erosion of the main problems existing in the ditch of the causes and treatment, according to the theory of ecological system, proposed in Jilin Province erosion ditch ecological protection measures, to further improve the prevention of Jilin Province gully erosion effect, accelerate the pace of prevention and cure. |
