Effects Of Different Fungal Cell Wall On The Weight Gain And Immune Organs Of Chickens

Fungal cell wall is an natural pure green additives, which plays an important role in maintaining the cell morphology and cell identification. The cell wall of Fungal, contains three β-glucan, chitin and mannoproteins. The cell wall of the Fungal is known to consists of three chickens: the inner chickens of manning and glycoprotein, which plays important role in the environment in the cell, the recognition and interaction between cell, and outer layer of glucan and chitin.Fungal cell wall material is relatively stable in acid solution process, its fragments can complete by the stomach, or stomach. The cell wall of resistance to acid solution achieves the extensive application of it between different species. The cell wall of fungi can induce humoral immunity and cellular immunity, and enhance the immunity of animal. It also can improve the growth performance of animal, maintaining normal intestinal flora, improving gastrointestinal health, enhance the adaptability of animal adverse external stimuli, so as to improve the economic benefit. In the United States, Brazil and China Taiwan, Fungal cell wall,a promising feed additive,has been widely used in livestock and poultry and fish farming, which impeached the good treatment, prevention and health care effect. The application of fungal cell wall has attracted more and more attention of academics and breeding industry. The future study of fungal cell wall, on the one hand, focus on the further study on its mechanism of action; On the other hand,the structure of the mode,the dosage,time and effective components of fungal cell wall also has great practicial significance from the application the study of the way.The main components of the cell walls of fungi β-glucan on growth performance and immune function of animal role plays a key role. Fungi β-glucan is one kind has the immunity activity of polysaccharide, account for more than 50% of fungi cell wall component,therefore,fungi is undoubtedly one of the important sources of β-glucan.Therefore, this experiment by D. hanseni、K. Marxianu、S. boulardii、C. Rugosa、C.albican after the wall by the acid and alkali method to extract the β-glucan,compare thedifferences of the 5 kind of fungi in the extraction yield.this experiment, which is added to the cell wall of fungi in chickens diet, mainly studies the average daily gain in weight and feed conversion rate, changes of immune organs relative weight, peripheral blood lymphocyte number and investigates the cell wall effect on the growth performance and immune function of chickens. A total of 900 chickens of 1-day-old Hyline Brown breed were randomly allotted to six treatments which include a basal diet, basal diet+500 mg D. hansenii cell wall, diet +500 mg K. marxianus cell wall,diet + 500 mg S. boulardii cell wall, diet + 500 mg C. rugosa cell wall, diet + 500 mg C. albican cell wall. Every treatment has six replicates of 25 chickens per repliea. The experiment lasted 30 days. The results showed that:(1)Comparison of the content of β-glucan in different fungal cell wall.The polysaccharide in fungal cell wall is mostly formed by covalent bond, and the content of polysaccharide is different from that of fungal species, growth conditions and growth stages. D.hansenii, K. marxianus, S. boulardii, C. rugosa and C. albican five kinds of fungal cell wall through the wall by the fungal cell wall, then get the white powder of beta glucan after acid treatment. The results showed that the content of β-glucan in C. Rugosa was the highest,reaching14.67%.Followed by K. Marxianus reaching 11.77%. D.hansenii is the lowest.(2)The addition of fungal cell wall in the diet can significantly improve the average daily gain and feed conversion rate. Compared with the control group, the average daily gain of1-30 d in the experimental group was significantly increased, and the feed conversion rate was also increased. There was no significant change between the experimental group and the control group at 7 days of age(P > 0.05). At the age of 14 days, the control group was significantly different from D.hansenii, K.marxianus, S.boulardii, C.albican(p < 0.05). At21 d days of age, the control group and D.hansenii, S.boulardii, C.albican group was significantly different(p < 0.05), between the experimental group 30 d, S.boulardii, C.rugosa and K.marxianus, C.albican Significant difference. At the age of 30 days, the control group and the C.albican group were not significantly different(p > 0.05), the experimental group,C.rugosa group and C.albican group and D.hansenii group were significantly different.By the different day old chicken feed conversion rate of change we can seen in 7 day old chicken, the difference between the experimental group and the control group were not significant(p >0.05).In the14 days old chickens and control group with D.hansenii,C.albican group have no significant(p > 0.05). In the 14 day old chicks and the control group with D.hansenii,C.albican, K.marxianus,S.boularii,C.albican difference significant(p >0.05).At 21 days of age and 30 days of age, the control group was significantly different from the S.boulardii and C.rugosa groups(p < 0.05).(3)The addition of fungal cell wall in the diet can improve the immune function of chickens.At 14 days of age, the fungal cell wall had no significant effect on the relative weight of the spleen and bursa of the immune organs, but there was a significant increase in the relative weight of the thymus. Compared with the control group, S. boulardii group, the relative weight of thymus increased significantly(p < 0.05), there was no significant difference between the other experimental groups. There is no effect of fungal cell wall on the relative weight of spleen and thymus in 30 day old chickens, and there is a significant increase in the relative weight of bursa. Compared with the control group, the relative weight of the bursa of S. boulardii and C. Rugosa were significantly increased(p < 0.05).(4)The addition of cell wall in diet can improve the cellular immunity of chicken. There was no significant difference in the number of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in peripheral blood of 14 day old chickens with the addition of fungal cell wall, and no significant difference(p <0.05) was. In 30 day old chicken, add the cell walls of fungi can increase the levels of peripheral blood CD4 + CD8 + lymphocyte number, the control group CD4+CD3+lymphocyte number and s.boulardii’s, c.rugosa group difference is significant(P < 0.05), it has no significant and D.hansenii, K.marxianus, C.albican differences.Between the experimental group, the number of S.boulardii lymphocytes in C.rugosa and CD4+CD3+group was not significant,D.hansenii,K.Marxianus,C.alcan group and S.boulardii,C.rugosa group had significant difference. For the number of CD8+CD3+lymphocytes, the control group and D.hansenii, C.albican group differences were not significant, and other groups were significantly different. In terms of the number of peripheral blood lymphocytes of 30 days of age, fungal cell wall can significantly improve the immune function of chicken.