Detection And Analysis Of Components Of Airborne Microbes And PM2.5 In Poultry House

Microbial aerosol is a major factor in the animal house of air pollution,can cause a series of disease.In order to evaluate the different poultry house environment microorganism,the air samples of five poultry was collected by ANDEREN-6 air microorganism sampler and ZR-3920 environmental air particulate matters(TSP/PM10/PM2.5) sampler to monitor the content and composition of the microorganism aerosol in the poultry culture environmentThe air samples was collected by the international standard level ANDERSEN-6 impact type air microorganism collector.The bacteria,fungus,Escherichia coli are collected by 5%of the male sheep blood agar culture-medium,Sabouraud medium and EMB medium.The results showed that concentration of airborne bacteria was 0.159- 4.484 ×104 CFU·m-3,concentration of airborne fungi was 0.236- 4.734 ×103 CFU·m-3,concentration of airborne Escherichia coli was 0-7.98×102CFU·m-3in the poultry house,the same as that the concentration of bacteria and fungi in pig house was measured by Li Chao(2014).The proportion of bacteria and fungi which distributes in the 5,6level of ANDERSEN sampler was 22%and 25.5%,according to analysis of aerodynamics.This part of bacteria can enter the respiratory tract,the harm of that to the body is serious.The bacteria what comes form the level 5,6 of ANDERSEN-6 stage sampler was isolated and cultured with 5% male sheep blood agar culture-medium.The bacteria was identified by16 SrRNA gene sequence.The dominant bacteria are Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium,Macrococcus.The conditional pathogenic bacteria are Staphylococcus,Enterococcus,Aerococcus viridans,Klebsiella pneumoniae.PM 2.5 in the air sample was collected by ZR-3920 type of ambient air particulate matter(TSP/PM10/PM2.5) sampler.The sampling filter membrane is waterproof type air sampling special-purpose filter membrane.The air flow is 100L/h.the collector is also set in the middle of the poultry house.According to the sampling time and air velocity,the content of PM2.5was calculated.The results showed that the content of PM2.5 ranged from 114g/m~3-230 to g/m~3.According to16 SrRNA and ITS1 high throughput sequencing method,the PM2.5 samples of bacteria and fungi were identified.The results showed that the bacteria of PM2.5 sample contains the dominant bacteria that are Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria in the level of phylum.The proportion of Firmicutes is high in the broilerhouse.While,the proportion of Bacteroidetes is high in the layer house.The dominant bacteria of the genus level are Faecalibacterium,Lactobacillus,Oscillospira,Escherichia.Escherichia in broiler house was higher.Bacteroides in layer house is higher.The fungi of PM2.5sample contains the dominant bacteria are Ascomycota,Basidiomycota in phylum level.The top10 main species are Trichocomaceae, Un--s-Agaricomycetes SP,Un--s-Agaricales SP,Davidiellaceae,pleosporaceae,Un--s-Polyporales SP,Un--s-Ascomycota SP,Un--s-Hypocreales SP,Un--s-Hymenochaetales SP,Hypocreaceae at the family level.Aspergillus is the dominant specie at genus level.The content of Aspergillus in layer house is higher than broiler house.Through the analysis of the rank abundance curve, the evenness of bacterial and fungal species is low in poultry house.The evenness of layer house and broiler house is coincident.According to the analysis of the observed species index, the species diversity in layer house is high than in broiler house.But the difference was not significant.According to the analysis of beta diversity studies, there are differences of species diversity of fungal and bacterial in different types of poultry houses.