| With the expansion of modern intensive livestock farming, the cultivation environment shows the worsened tendency, and then seriously hazards the prosperity in animal husbandry.Owing to the air circulation restricted, it is difficult to drive the dust and ammonia out of the houses in the airtight animal buildings. In addition, the rich nutrients provide a decent environment for the growth of microorganisms in the houses. All of these provide a favorable condition for occurrence and spread of diseases. This program was conducted to investigate the effects of air ionization and the mixture of plant extracts on the improvement of hen houses’ environment.Experiment 1 we explored the air ionization on the improvement of hen houses’ environment, utilizing the air purifier to ionize air and provide abundant air anion. Two independent and similar houses were selected, which one of them was considered as control,and another one was treated with air ionization. Samples of dust 、 ammonia and airborne aerobe were collected in three different time points: 9:00, 12:30 and 16:00 each day, and lasted for 9 days. The results indicated that the air ionization had a significant improvement of air quality by reducing airborne dust and aerobe( P < 0.05), but had no influence on the content of ammonia( P > 0.05).Experiment 2 we investigated whether the different power( high and low) of the air ionization improves air quality and how long the air ionization had an effect on environmental enhancement after each occurrence of air ionized. Two independent houses were randomly divided into two groups according to the power of air ionization: high-power group( 42~43W)and low-power group( 31~32 W). The air purifier under different powers was respectively opened for 30 min at the same time of every day. we collected samples in four time points( before the machine was open, and after it was closed for 0 min, 30 min as well as 60 min) to determine the changes of the content of airborne dust and ammonia during theexperiment. These results showed that the high power of the air purifier had a better improvement on air quality and the effective time was prolonged for more than 1 h if the air purifier turns on for 30 min.Experiment 3 we explored the effect of the plant extracts for the produced and released of ammonia in the broilers’ houses. 96-AA broilers with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups( control, 0.5% plant extracts and 1.0% plant extracts in water) each group included 4 repeats at the 21 d of age. We measured the performance and water intake of broilers, as well as the content of ammonia in the broilers’ houses after the treatments were conducted for 14 days. 8 broilers were randomly selected from every group at the age of 35 d.All the feces were collected each day and continued for three days. We measured the pH,urease activity of the feces and the output of ammonia every day. The results showed that the plant extracts with double recommended dosage had decrease the water consumption, the relative contents of ammonia in hen houses and the urease activity of the faces( P < 0.05),but had no effect in feed intake, daily gain and the content of ammonia in the houses.Additionally, the results of the pH, and output of ammonia from the collected feces also showed no effect in the supplementation of the plant extracts with recommended concentration( P > 0.05).Experiment 4 we observed the effect of the plant extracts for the production of ammonia in the hens’ droppings. Poultry droppings were randomly subjected to different treatments:control、0.3% plant extracts and 0.6% plant extracts, the plant extracts were added to the two treatment groups according to the weight of dropping. The dropping was incubated in a special and homemade container for 12 days, and then we detected the output of ammonia every day and the pH, urease activity every other day. In addition, some fresh poultry droppings were selected and divided into 4 groups according to different concentration( 0,0.625%, 1.25%, 2.50%) of the mixture of plant extracts. All of them were incubated for 24 h in 37 ℃ and used for the measurement of urease activity. The results showed that the control,0.3% and 0.6% plant extracts groups had no difference in the urease activity, pH and output of ammonia( P > 0.05), but a significant difference was observed that 1.25% plant extracts reduced the urease activity of the droppings( P < 0.05), and 2.50% had betterreduction.In conclusion, air ionization in the hen houses is an effective method to reduce the dust content and the total airborne aerobe and usefully improves the hen houses’ air environment;The plant extracts with low concentration( recommended concentration) have weak improvement for the ammonia in the houses, it is necessary to keep the high concentration of the plant extracts for decreasing the content of ammonia. |
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