| Tobacco is one of the important cash crops in China. During the growth period of tobacco, water has an important effect on the growing development, physiological metabolism as well as yield and quality. It would have a bad impact on harvest and quality of flue-cured tobacco if they were not watered timely and properly. However, one important problem is the shortage of water resource in China. And the distribution of tobacco in our country is not matched with the spatial distribution of water resource. In addition, China is backward in the method and technology for irrigation of tobacco. The tobacco irrigated area is small and in poor conditions. Furthermore, the methods of irrigation for tobacco such as flood irrigation, furrow irrigation and hole irrigation are very traditional. These conditions not only reduce the utilization rate of water resources and increase the cost but also are bad to improve the yield and quality of tobacco.So far,There is no specially designed machinery for tobacco watering at home and abroad. According to this situation, a new kind of tobacco intelligent watering machine was designed after studying the domestic and foreign tobacco irrigation technology. This machine can complete automatic watering for seedling of tobacco by using the machine vision technology. The main contents and innovations of this paper are as follows:(1) Determined the overall program of tobacco intelligent watering machine. The watering machine consists of walking system, detection system, control system and watering system. The work method of this machine is traction type.(2) Designed walking frame of tobacco intelligent watering machine. Drew 2D drawings of the watering machine by using AutoCAD. The virtual assembly of the parts was checked by SolidWorks the axle was analyzed by ANSYS in order to make sure that the machine frame of watering machine is safe and reliable in the process of working and harmless to the tobacco seedling.(3) Proposed a tobacco recognition algorithm based on machine vision technology and developed the detection system of tobacco intelligent watering machine. The detection system collected and analyzed the information of tobacco fields image and output the signal to the control system when tobacco was detected. Through comparing the characteristics of several image features, chose extracting and analyzing the RGB color feature of tobacco fields image as the detection scheme and determined software algorithm according to the RGB value of tobacco, loess, black plastic film and white plastic film.(4) Designed the light intensity stabilizing device suitable for outdoor field work. The RGB value of image was affected drastically by the light intensity. The light intensity stabilizing device can shield against the outside light when watering machine was working in order to provide a stable light intensity environment for camera collecting image data and avoid the influence of light intensity change on image acquisition.(5) Developed the control system of tobacco intelligent watering machine. The main function of the control system was to control the opening and closing of electric-magnetic valve to complete watering according to the signal which sent by the software program in industrial computer. The structure of this control system is simple and it achieves the control function by the logic circuit. This system saved hardware cost and simplified algorithm program.The tobacco fields test showed that the tobacco intelligent watering machine worked safely and reliably. It can effectively complete the automatic watering for tobacco after transplanting. The detection accuracy rate of this watering machine reached 98% and the watering accuracy reached 97%. The tobacco intelligent watering machine did no harm to tobacco when it was working. The operation effect met the agronomic requirements. |
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