| In order to explore the effectiveness of agricultural waste resource utilization and the practicability of turf soilless cultivation,different substrates composed with four kinds of different straw materials and livestock excrement which were added cellulase(F1-0:the composite matrix of rice straw unadded cellulase;F1-1:the composite matrix of rice straw added cellulase;F2-0:the composite matrix of corn straw unadded cellulase;F2-1:the composite matrix of corn straw added cellulase;F3-0:the composite matrix of soybean straw unadded cellulase;F3-1:the composite matrix of soybean straw added cellulase;F4-0:the composite matrix of switchgrass straw unadded cellulase;F4-1:the composite matrix of switchgrass straw added cellulase;CK:the control group of soil)were used as the media of tall festue soilless sod production.The physical and chemical properties of the matrix were measured in the process of turf soilless planting.Moreover,the influence of the substrates and the cellulase on the turf quality of tall festue and was studied by the Gray-correlation analysis.So we chose the best soilless cultivation substrate which was suitable for tall festue.The results are as following:1.Effects of different substrates on the physical and chemical properties of the matrix during the different growth phases:the cellulase can reduce soluble sugar of rice straw compound substrate,corn straw compound substrate and soybean straw compound substrate significantly,but lead to the increase in switchgrass soluble sugar of straw compound substrate significantly.Meanwhile,the content of crude fiber ascended and the pH descended significantly in rice straw compound substrate and switchgrass straw compound substrate after cellulase addition.The highest contents of total nitrogen and crude fiber,lowest C/N ratio and available phosphorus were in the soybean straw compound substrate,and the highest total phosphorus content was in the switchgrass compound substrate.The soluble sugar in both the soybean straw compound substrate and switchgrass compound substrate were higher significantly than in the rice and corn straw compound substrate.The pH was lowest in the switchgrass compound substrate which was near-neutral.Both the total nitrogen and total phosphorus were lower significantly at the ending of phase than at the beginning of phase;The change of C/N ratio was opposite;the contents of both crude fiber and soluble sugar showed a upward trend at first and then downward trend in all substrates.The pH descended at first,and then ascended gradually and remained the equilibrium at last in the all matrix,but the range of change was suitable for the growth of tall festue.2.Effects of different substrates on the sod quality of tall festue:The sod had the highest turf density,leaf width,aboveground biomass and the fastest turf establishment rate in the corn straw and switchgrass straw compound substrates;tall festue had the highest the content of chlorophyll,tiller number,tiller rate,root weight,root length and sod intensity in the switchgrass straw compound substrate;The sod had the maxium turf coverage in rice straw,corn straw and switchgrass straw compound substrates.The cellulase had no influence on the turf quality of tall festue,but the interactive effect with different substrates had a marked influence on the synthesis of chlorophyll of tall festue.The chlorophyll increased in the rice straw and switchgrass straw compound substrates due to cellulase addition,but the change of chlorophyll was the opposite in corn straw and soybean straw compound substrates.3.The comprehensive value of the tall festue sod was evaluated using Gray-correlation analysis:compared with the correlation degree of the control group CK which was soil media,all the four kinds of soilless cultivation media were able to be produced to tall festue sod.The effects on the correlation degree of all substrates were:F4-1>F4-0>F2-0>F2-1>F1-1>F1-0>F3-0>F3-1>CK,their correlation degree were 0.917,0.826,0.677,0.676,0.517,0.513,0.431,0.419 and 0.417,respectively. |
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