Impact On Smoke Spreading In Elevator Shaft And Smoke Control Of Lobby During Elevator Ascending

The height and capacity of the high-rise building are increasing,as the economic develop rapidly.It will cause heavy economic losses and casualties if the building is on fire.It takes a long time to evacuate by stairs and it is easy to get congestion.We should give full play to the advantages of vertical transport by the elevator when the building is on fire.The experts and scholars from home and abroad have studied in the field of evacuation by elevator in the early fire with full-scale test and numerical simulation.If the vertical evacuation route is invaded by smoke,it will exert negative effect on not only the people to evacuate but also the smoke spreading to other non-fire floor through the air leakage of the vertical passage.Therefore,it is of great significance for the elevator evacuation to study on the smoke spreading in the elevator and the smoke control in the lobby.In this paper,the author study on the smoke spreading in the elevator and the smoke control in the lobby in a high-rise dormitory with ICEM and Fluent.And conducted the following research.First simulating with Fluent the impact of smoke spreading and the pressure fluctuation in the elevator shaft and building on different fire position during the elevator ascending.It lays a foundation for the study on the pressure fluctuation for the elevator ascending when the lobby is pressurized.Then adopting three equation of pressurized supply air rate in lobby in practice to calculate the pressurized rate in this project by consulting extensive literature.This paper firstly supply air to the three floors,the fire floor and the upper and lower floor,by the normally closed outlet.After that blowing in the fire floor only by normally closed and simulating in steady state.Analyzing the validity of the three pressurization of calculation for lobby pressurization by observing the positive pressure and the velocity as well as the vector diagram through the lobby door.When acquiring the effective pressurization of the three types,elevator begins to move up.Observing the effect of different pressurized rate in lobby through the measurement of the pressure fluctuation in elevator shaft and lobby caused by piston effect.To study the influence of smoke control in lobby with different pressurized rate when the elevator isascending.The research has shown that fire in the lower floor in a high-rise building is the worst situation for elevator evacuation with elevator ascending.Then the results have also shown that the higher air-supply rate in lobby the the greater the pressure fluctuation is.Conclusions of this study can provide technical support for the high-rise building fire protection design and design parameter for the research of evacuation by elevator.