Research On Target Positioning And Tracking Technology Of UAV Oriented To Near Space Aircraft

The rapid development of hypersonic spacecraft in recent years has led us to consider the defense of such targets and the new fighting style that has been born to combat near-space targets.However,due to the high altitude and special environment,making the way to detect near-space target is quite different from traditional aircraft missile detection,which brings serious challenges to the existing air defense and anti-missile system.In order to improve the defensive performance for hypersonic targets in near-space and reduce the threat to national defense security of such targets,this paper mainly studies the high-precision target detection location and tracking technology of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)based on hypersonic target's infrared detection characteristics.In this paper,firstly the target motion characteristics and infrared characteristics of near-space hypersonic targets are analyzed,the advantages and disadvantages of various detection platforms are discussed,and the scheme that UAV is equipped with infrared warning system and laser radar to realize the detection,location and tracking of the near-space targets is designed,key technologies such as the distance/angle target location model and the velocity measurement model are studied,and it uses the Monte Carlo method to simulate and analyze algorithm error.The experimental results show that the attitude error is the most important factor affecting the accuracy of target position and velocity.Secondly,the target co-localization method based on the different detection characteristics of airborne sensors is studied in the background of multi-UAVs' formation flight.The methods mainly includes two-point intersection location method based on distance/angle model,a target location method of camera based on principle of small hole imaging,and the optimal target location method based on infrared angle observation information.And the correction and error influence factors of least squares location method based on infrared angle observation information are studied emphatically.Then,based on the UAV's target location model,the UAV-based target tracking filtering method is studied.For the characters of UAV's target location and tracking system,a system equation based on the CA model and a nonlinear measurement equation based on the distance/angle location model are established,which makes the target tracking algorithm based on the UKF filter designed.And the simulation results show that the algorithm has fast convergence and high precision.At last,a simulation platform of UAV's near-space target tracking and positioning based on matlab is set up,which contains the UAV-target's path simulation subsystem,navigation information simulation subsystem,airborne target detection sensors simulation subsystem and moving object tracking and locating simulation subsystem.And the simulation results verify the filter performance of the UKF tracking filter algorithm for the hypersonic moving target in near-space,which shows the scheme is feasible and has certain practical significance.