Research On The Influence Of Space Debris Environment On Pointing Performance Of High Attitude Precision Spacecraft

High precision of spacecraft attitude is required for laser communication,earth observation,astronomical exploration while the space debris environment continues to deteriorate in low earth orbit.The pointing performance of the spacecraft may be affected by the impact of a large number of small space debris from time to time.At present,few studies are conducted to research the influence of space debris on spacecraft attitude.The attitude dynamic model to describe the impact of debris on spacecraft is established by using the relevant theoretical knowledge about spacecraft attitude motion.The space debris environment around the high attitude accuracy spacecraft is obtained using SDEEM space debris environment engineering model in this paper.The method of randomly generating angular momentum which is generated due to the space debris' s impact is proposed according to the output of the SDEEM software,the spacecraft geometry and the reversal method of generating the random number.The multiple impact time interval is derived and the coordinate system transformation is used to simulate multiple impact.Statistical characteristics of the influence of space debris single random impact and multiple random impact on pointing performance of the high attitude accuracy spacecraft are derived by using the Monte Carlo numerical simulation method.First,the SDEEM software is introduced including its spacecraft evaluation mode and output.The output of the SDEEM software is the relative flux which is defined in orbit coordinate system.The attitude dynamic model to describe the impact of debris on the spacecraft is established using the relevant theoretical knowledge about spacecraft attitude dynamic and evaluation indexes of the pointing performance of the spacecraft are designedThen the space debris environment around the spacecraft is obtained in this paper using SDEEM software.Some typical space debris are selected to research the effect of space debris single impact on the spacecraft pointing performance.The method of randomly generating debris size and impact azimuth angle using the space debris environment data file and the reversal method is proposed.The method of randomly generating the impact position of the debris on the spacecraft is proposed taking the debris momentum direction into consideration.The Monte Carlo numerical simulation method is used to obtain the statistical properties of the influence of space debris single random impact on the spacecraft pointing performance taking HST for example.Finally,the Compound Poisson process is used to simulate the process of space debris multiple impact on spacecraft.The multiple impact time interval obeys exponential distribution.The coordinate system transformation in multiple random impact process is studied according to the Compound Poisson process.Statistical characteristics of the influence of space debris multiple random impact on spacecraft pointing performance are derived by using the Monte Carlo numerical simulation method taking HST as an example.