Analysis On The Accident Reconstruction And Human Injury Protection Of Vulnerable Road Users

China is one of the countries with the largest number of traffic accident casualties.How to avoid and reduce the injuries of road users in traffic accident is a research hotspot in the field of automotive safety.As the vulnerable group in road traffic,Pedestrians,motorcyclists' accident incidence is such high as the death toll among pedestrians,motorcyclists,non-motor vehicle drivers in traffic accident accounts for more than 60%.Therefore,the research on traffic accident reconstruction and human injury analysis in China's road traffic environment is of great significance.It will improve the injury protection of the vulnerable road group and perfect automobile safety regulations.On the basis of deep accident investigation,this article collects first-hand information after going deep into the scene of the accident.Based on the information from the accident scene,the PC-Crash and MADYMO will be used to analyze the pedestrians and motorcycles traffic accident reconstruction and human injury.At last,we can verify the feasibility of the simulation method and the accuracy of the collision model by comparing the three aspects: human and vehicle's final stop position,collision traces,dynamic process and human injury value.In the analysis of head and lower limb injury protection for vulnerable road groups,we adopt the orthogonal test design method and select test points.We study the effects on head and lower limb injuries from three aspects: the speed of the weak road group and the position of the collision,the vehicle speed,and the geometric structure parameters of the front part of the vehicle.At last,we put forward corresponding improvement measures.The study results indicate that the faster the pedestrian and cyclists are,the greater damage it will cause to the head and the lower limbs.The bigger the angle between the pedestrian,cycling's direction and car driving direction is,the smaller the head injury will be.The orthogonal experiment of the structure parameters of the front part of the vehicle indicates that the height from hood edge to the ground can cause bigger effect on pedestrians' head than windshield angle and the height of the bumper.If hood edge is increased,crania-cerebral injury of pedestrian will be less.Furthermore,the biggest factor affecting pedestrian's tibia and knee injury is the height from bumper to the ground.The higher of the height from the bumper to the ground,the smaller the tibia injury will be.However,with the increasing of the bumper's height,the bending angle of the knee will be decreased first and then increased.The closer the bumper's height to that of the knee,the severer the knee injury will be.Therefore,the research on pedestrian's lower limb injury prevention should consider the damage of multiple parts in the human body.In the study of vehicle models with different front geometric parameters,it was found that with an identical vehicle running speed,the injuries to the head caused by collision with car was greater than that with SUV and miniature van.This paper studies the feasibility of the simulation analysis method and analyzes accident reconstruction and human injury of vulnerable road groups by real vehicle instances.The simulated results of pedestrian and cyclist's head and lower limb injury protection research can be used as a reference to vehicle safety design and safety regulation-making for vulnerable road groups.